Volume 5 No. 1 Januari - Juni 2020

Latar Belakang: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kemampuan tes imunoserologi, bakteriologi dan sitologi untuk mendeteksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis berdasarkan tes Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) pada penderita suspek limfadenitis tuberkulosa. Penelitian dilakukan secara cross sectional pada 35 sampel di RS Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, RSD Labuang Baji, Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi Swasta dan Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler Fakultas Kedokteran Unhas. Ditemukan hasil positif paling banyak berturut-turut pada tes sitologi (80%), tes ICT (68,5%), tes PCR (62,8%), tes apusan basil tahan asam (BTA) (31,5%). Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas tes sitologi (72,3% dan 7,69%), tes ICT (63,64% dan 23,08%), dan tes apusan BTA (22,73% dan 58,85%) terhadap PCR. Sedangkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas kombinasi tes Mycotec TB dengan BTA (22,73% dan 84,62%), kombinasi tes ICT dengan sitologi (50% dan 30,77%) dan kombinasi tes BTA dengan sitologi (22,73% dan 61,54%). Tes sitologi mempunyai sensitivitas yang paling tinggi terhadap PCR lalu diikuti oleh tes ICT, tes apusan BTA, sedangkan spesifisitasnya paling tinggi pada tes apusan BTA, lalu tes ICT dan tes sitologi. Nilai sensitivitas kombinasi tes ICT dengan sitologi lebih tinggi daripada kombinasi tes ICT dengan BTA dan kombinasi tes BTA dengan tes sitologi BTA yang mempunyai nilai yang sama.

Overweight is a problem that can reduce a person's flexibility. Excessive body weight will certainly give great compression to the spinal padding so that there is a risk of changes in posture and lower back injuries. Increased BMI such as overweight can reduce the flexibility of the body, especially lumbar flexibility, because the lumbar is the lowest part of the spine which gets the most pressure and is a cushion of body weight and body movements. Physical activity such as core stability exercise and pilates can help provide changes in increasing lumbar flexibility. This study used the pre-experimental design method with two group pretest - posttest design. 30 overweight students at Faculty of Nursing Hasanuddin University were divided into core groups and pilates groups. Samples were given 12 treatments and measured using Modified Schober Test (MST). We observed changes before and after giving core stability exercise and pilates exercise. When comparing core stability exercise and pilates exercise pilates is more effective than core stability exercise

Pendahuluan Pneumonia menjadi penyebab utama kematian pada anak di bawah usia 5 tahun selama beberapa dekade. Foto X-ray dada adalah modalitas diagnostik yang paling umum digunakan. Namun, karena efek radiasi sinar-X, ultrasonografi menjadi semakin populer untuk diagnosis pneumonia pada anak-anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan dan menilai kesesuaian (agreement) antara hasil pemeriksaan x-ray dada dan ultrasonografi untuk diagnosis pneumonia pada anak-anak. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bagian Radiologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar dan Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar dari bulan Februari sampai April 2020. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 pasien berusia antara 1 hari sampai kurang dari 18 tahun. Tes Kappa digunakan untuk menilai kesesuaian antara kedua metode. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gambaran pneumonia pada anak berdasarkan hepatisasi pada USG paru menunjukkan kesesuaian yang signifikan dengan tanda konsolidasi pada foto thorax (koefisien Kappa = 0,560, p <0,05). Elemen hyperechoic linier pada ultrasonografi paru dengan tanda air bronchogram dan infiltrat pada foto toraks juga menunjukkan kesesuaian yang baik (koefisien Kappa = 0,596, p <0,05). Selain itu, tanda lesi anechoic pada ultrasonografi paru dengan gambar ground glass opacity (GGO) pada radiografi dada menghasilkan koefisien Kappa 0,495 dan p <0,05. Kesimpulan: Pneumonia pediatrik dimanifestasikan pada ultrasonografi sebagai hepatisasi, hyperechoic linear elements, dan pathologic B-line, sedangkan pada rontgen dada dimanifestasikan sebagai konsolidasi dan infiltrat. Kesepakatan yang baik ditemukan antara konsolidasi x-ray dengan hepatisasi pada ultrasonografi, antara elemen hyperechoic linier pada ultrasonografi dengan infiltrat pada x-ray, serta antara lesi anechoic pada ultrasonografi dengan GGO pada rontgen dada

introduction: Intravenous lidocaine had been used as multimodal analgesia strategy in treating acute postoperative pain. This study aimed to examine the effectivity of perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion on pain intensity and total opioid requirements postoperative. Methods:  This study was  a double blind randomized control trial on ASA physical status I-II, aged 18-60, BMI 18-30 kg/m² underwent to spine decompression and stabilisation surgery in Wahidin Sudirohusodo general hosputal, Makassar. Results:   The samples were randomly devided into lidocaine group ( n=28) received lidocaine 1,5 mg/kg before intubation, followed by 1,5 mg/kg/hour intraoperative and 1 mg/kg/hour untl 12 hour postoperative, and the control group (n=28) received placebo NaCl 0,9%. The data were analyzed with Chi-square test, independent-t test, and Mann-Whitney test, and considered significant if the p value <0,05. The study result showed that compared to the control group, the pain intensity of lidocaine group were lower in measurement time 6 (p=0,05),12 (p=0,045) and 24 (p=0,031) hour postoperative but not in 2 (p=148) and 4 (p=0,472)  hour postoperative. Total fentanyl consumption 24 hour postoperative  were lower in lidocaine group ( 418,32±146,45 vs 579,86±145,29 ; p=0,000). Conclusions:  This study concluded that administration of intravenous lidocaine infusion perioperative able to reduce pain intensity dan total opioid requirements after spine decompression and stabilisation surgery.

Introduction:  The first-line regimen for tuberculosis (TB) treatment comprises Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol. However, these drugs are known to potentially cause hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate hepatotoxicity incidence in patients during intensive phase of anti-tuberculosis treatment focusing on post-incidence therapy. Methods:  The study involved pulmonary TB patients who were admitted to the National Lung Health Center due to hepatotoxicity after receiving fixed-dose combination of antituberculosis drugs (FDC-AT) in September-October 2019. Drug-related hepatotoxicity is defined as an increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels greater than 2.5 times of the normal upper limit (ULN) with an increase in bilirubin level. Results:  There were 8 patients admitted to the center due to hepatotoxicity, 4 of them experienced grade 3 (severe) hepatotoxicity, during which the ALT, AST, bilirubin levels increased 5-10 times of the ULN. The post-hepatotoxicity treatment includes the cessation of FDC-AT treatment followed by hepatoprotective supplements. Following two weeks of treatments, the biomarker levels of two out of four patients went back to normal and the AT therapy was resumed. Meanwhile, the other two patients continued to receive the hepatoprotective therapy for up to 8 weeks. However, when the treatment failed to bring the transaminase level back to normal, a different AT regimen was prescribed. Conclusions: The cessation of FDC-AT and the use of hepatoprotective supplements for two to eight weeks were able to alleviate the AT-induced severe hepatotoxicity. A close monitoring of liver biomarkers is warranted to prevent the incidence of hepatotoxicity in patients receiving antituberculosis