APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN PADI TRANSISI ORGANIK DAN KONVENSIONAL DI LAHAN SAWAH TADAH HUJAN DESA PURWOJATI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS JAWA TENGAH

Abstract

Farmers in Purwojati Village, Purwojati District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province, got the facts that rice cultivation soil was hard, sharp, and difficult to cultivate. This is presumably due to the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil that are damaged by the conventional rice farming system that uses synthetic fertilizers and pesticides unwisely. This Community Service Activity (PKM) aims to introduce an organic rice farming system based on animal manure to improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. The methods applied, namely demonstration plots for organic transition rice farming of 3500 m2, training on making solid organic fertilizer based on animal manure, training on making biopesticides based on local materials, and counseling on the importance of organic farming for improving the quality of paddy fields. The results of the activity showed that the organic rice demonstration plot yielded a harvest of 1528 kg of Harvested Dry Grain or 1223 kg of Milled Dry Unhulled Grain (GKG). This figure is lower than the conventional (control) rice yields which reached 2000 kg GKP or 1400 kg GKG. The results of the evaluation of activities through questions and answers and questionnaires showed that the knowledge and motivation of farmers about organic rice cultivation, organic fertilizer and biopesticide production increased compared to before the activity. Farmers are also increasingly aware of the importance of organic farming in improving the quality of agricultural land.  ---  Petani di Desa Purwojati Kecamatan Purwojati Kabupaten Banyumas Provinsi Jawa Tengah mendapatkan fakta tanah budidaya padi yang kurang sumber, bertekstur keras, tajam, dan mulai sulit diolah. Hal ini diduga karena sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah yang rusak akibat sistem pertanian padi konvensional yang menggunakan pupuk dan pestisida sintetik secara tidak bijak. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan mengenalkan sistem pertanian padi organik berbasis pupuk kotoran hewan guna memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah. Metode yang diterapkan, yaitu demplot pertanian padi transisi organik 3500 m2, pelatihan pembuatan pupuk organik padat berbasis kotoran hewan, pelatihan pembuatan biopestisida berbasis bahan lokal, dan penyuluhan pentingnya pertanian organik bagi perbaikan kualitas lahan sawah. Kegiatan menunjukkan demplot padi transisi organik menghasilkan panen 1528 kg Gabah Kering Panen atau 1223 kg Gabah Kering Giling (GKG). Angka ini lebih rendah dari hasil panen padi konvensional (kontrol) yang mencapai 2000 kg GKP atau 1400 kg GKG. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan melalui tanya jawab dan kuisener menunjukkan pengetahuan dan ketertarikan petani tentang budidaya padi organik, pembuatan pupuk organik dan biopestisida meningkat dibandingkan sebelum kegiatan. Petani juga semakin mengetahui pentingnya peran pertanian organik untuk perbaikan kualitas lahan pertanian.