Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Kumbang Kulit Kayu (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat, Jawa Barat
Abstract
Bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) has important role in the ecosystem, mainly as decomposer. In this research, we studied the diversity and abundance of bark beetles in Gunung Walat Education Forest at Sukabumi, West Java. This area located at
an altitude of 500-700m asl with about 349 ha. Bark beetles were collected by pitfall traps in four types of habitat, i.e., agathis forest, pine forest, schima forest, and mixed forest. A total of 11145 individuals belong to 11 species of bark beetles were found, i.e., Poecilips variabilis, Thamnurgides sp., Cryphalus sp1., Cryphalus sp2., Xyleborus morstatti, X. propecaniclatus, X. morigerus, X. nepotulo, X. masearemsis, Xyleborus sp1, and Xyleborus sp2. Highest abundance of bark beetle was found in the schima forest (4175 individuals) and the lowest was found in pine forest (1548 individuals). Diversity of bark beetle was highest in Schima forest (H= 0,36, E= 0,26) and the lowest in Pine forest (H'= 0,27, E= 0,19). The evenness value of bark beetle in four habitat type is very low (E= 0,19 – 0,26). There are two species dominant of bark beetles, i.e P. variabilis and Thamnurgides sp. The highest number of individual bark beetles was found in Schima forest (4175 individuals; 37%) and the lowest in Pine forest (1548
individuals; 14%). The species number of bark beetles was highest in mixed forest (seven species; 41%).
an altitude of 500-700m asl with about 349 ha. Bark beetles were collected by pitfall traps in four types of habitat, i.e., agathis forest, pine forest, schima forest, and mixed forest. A total of 11145 individuals belong to 11 species of bark beetles were found, i.e., Poecilips variabilis, Thamnurgides sp., Cryphalus sp1., Cryphalus sp2., Xyleborus morstatti, X. propecaniclatus, X. morigerus, X. nepotulo, X. masearemsis, Xyleborus sp1, and Xyleborus sp2. Highest abundance of bark beetle was found in the schima forest (4175 individuals) and the lowest was found in pine forest (1548 individuals). Diversity of bark beetle was highest in Schima forest (H= 0,36, E= 0,26) and the lowest in Pine forest (H'= 0,27, E= 0,19). The evenness value of bark beetle in four habitat type is very low (E= 0,19 – 0,26). There are two species dominant of bark beetles, i.e P. variabilis and Thamnurgides sp. The highest number of individual bark beetles was found in Schima forest (4175 individuals; 37%) and the lowest in Pine forest (1548
individuals; 14%). The species number of bark beetles was highest in mixed forest (seven species; 41%).
References
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McGeoch MA. 1998. The selection, testing and application of terrestrial insects as bioindicators. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 73:02 (181-
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Oustrauskas H, Tamustis V. 2012. Bark and Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionide, Scolytinae et Cerambicydae) caught by multiple funnel traps at the temporary storages of timbers and wood in Lithuania. Baltic Forestry 18(2): 263-269.
Raffa KF, Phillips TW, Salom SM. 1993. Strategies and mechanisms of host colonization by
bark beetles. Academic London. United Kingdom.
Speight MR, Wylie FR. 2000. Insect Pests in Tropical Forestry. CABI Publishing. London. Syafii W. 2000. Sifat anti rayap zat ekstraksi beberapa jenis kayu daun lebar tropis. Bulletin
kehutanan=Forestry Bulletin. 2000 (42).
Syaufina L, Haneda NF, Buliyansih A. 2007. Keanekaragaman Arthropoda Tanah Di Hutan
Pendidikan Gunung Walat. Media Konservasi. 12(2): 57-66.
Taiz L, Zeiger E. 1991. Plant Physiology. The Benyamin/Cumming Publishing Company Inc, Tokyo. pp 219-247.
Triplehorn CA, Johnson NF. 2005. Borror and Delong’s Introduction to the Study of Insect
7th Edition. United States of America (US): Brooks/Cole.
Uetz GW, Unzicker JD. 1976. Pitfall trapping in ecological studies of wandering spiders.
Journal of Arachnology 3: 101–111.
Webster RP, Sweeney JD, DeMerchant I. 2012. New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick and eastern Canada: Tachyporinae. ZooKeys. 186:55-82.
White Richard E. 1983. Peterson Field Guides Beetless. Houghton Mifflin Company : Boston
New York.
Adler, P.B., Levine, J.M., 2007. Contrasting Relationships Between Precipitation and Species
Richness In Species and Time. Oikos. 116: 221:232.
Aguirre, R.A., Romero, S.C., Cisneros, L.R., Mora Rio, A.A., Tena, M., Bolanos, C.R, Valdel, E.,
2014. Bark Beetle Pests in an Altitudinal Gradient of A Mexican Managed Forest. Forest
Ecology and Management. 343: 73–79.
Alexander, K.N.A., 2008. Tree Biology and Saproxylic Coleoptera: Issues of Definitions and
Conservation Language. Rev Ecol. 63: 1-5.
Beaver, A.R., Browne, G.F., 2012. The Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera) of Penang, Malaysia. Oriental Insects. 12(4): 575-624.
Brandle, M., Kuhn, I., Klotz, S., Belle, C., Brandl, R., 2008. Species Richness of Herbivores on Exotic
Host Plants Increases With Time Since Introduction. Diversity and Distributions. 14: 905–912. Bright, D.E., Stark, R.W., 1973. The Bark and Ambrosia Beetles of California Coleoptera: Scolytidae
and Platypodidae. Bulletin of the California Insect Survey.16.
Browne, F.G., 1961. The Biology of Malayan Scolytidae and Platipodidae. Malayan Forest Records.
22(225): 100-174.
Borror, D.J., Triplehorn, C.A., Jhonson, N.F., 1992. Borror and Delong’s Introduction to the Study of
Insect 6th Edition. United States of America (US): Brooks/Cole.
Cheanier, J.V.R., Philogeane, B.J.R., 1989. Field Responses of Certain Forest Coleoptera to Conifer
Monoterpenes and Ethanol. J Chem Ecol. (15): 1729-1745.
Cognato, A.I., Grimaldi, D., 2009. 100 Million Years of Morphological Conservation in Bark Beetles
(Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Syst entomol. (34): 93-100.
Duffy, E.A.J., 2005. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insect. Royal Entomological Society of London. 5(15).
Follet, A., 2013. Species Diversity and Distribution of Scolytidae Along the Forest Boundary in A Forest-Savanna Mosaic Belt of the Ivory Coast. Nordic Society Oikos. 29: 186-192.
Goncalves, M.F., Pereira, J.A., 2012. Abundance and Diversity of Soil Arthropods in the Olive Grove
Ecosystem. J. Insect Science. 12:1-14.
Haddad, N.M., Gregory, M.C., Kevin, G., John, H., David, T., 2011. Plant Diversity of Foodwebs.
Ecol. 14:42-46.
Haetley, S.E., Jones, T.H., 2003. Plant Diversity and Insect Herbivores Effect of Environmental
Change in Contrasting Model Systema. Oikos. 101: 6-17.
Jactel, H., 1993. Individual Variability of the Flight Potential of Ips Sexdentatus Boern (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) In Relation To Day of Emergence, Sex, Size and Lipid Content. Entomol. 125:
919-930.
Karl, E., Schedl, 2009. Fauna Indo-Malayensis-III. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Series
12, 6:64, 288-304.
Kalshoven, L.G.E., 1981. The Pest of Crops in Indonesia. Penerjemah: Laan PA Vander. PT. Ichtiar
Baru-Van Hoeve. Jakarta.
Lawrence, J.F., Britton, 1994. Autralian Beetles. Melbourne Univ. Press, Melbourne.
Lin, C.S., Wu, W.J., 2010. Scolytid species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) in the Nei-Mou-Pu Tract of the NTU Experimental Forest. Formosan Entomol. 30: 203-218.
Magurran, A.E., 1988. Ecological Diversity and its Measurement. Princeton New jersey (US): University Press.
McGeoch MA. 1998. The selection, testing and application of terrestrial insects as bioindicators. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 73:02 (181-
201).
Oustrauskas H, Tamustis V. 2012. Bark and Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionide, Scolytinae et Cerambicydae) caught by multiple funnel traps at the temporary storages of timbers and wood in Lithuania. Baltic Forestry 18(2): 263-269.
Raffa KF, Phillips TW, Salom SM. 1993. Strategies and mechanisms of host colonization by
bark beetles. Academic London. United Kingdom.
Speight MR, Wylie FR. 2000. Insect Pests in Tropical Forestry. CABI Publishing. London. Syafii W. 2000. Sifat anti rayap zat ekstraksi beberapa jenis kayu daun lebar tropis. Bulletin
kehutanan=Forestry Bulletin. 2000 (42).
Syaufina L, Haneda NF, Buliyansih A. 2007. Keanekaragaman Arthropoda Tanah Di Hutan
Pendidikan Gunung Walat. Media Konservasi. 12(2): 57-66.
Taiz L, Zeiger E. 1991. Plant Physiology. The Benyamin/Cumming Publishing Company Inc, Tokyo. pp 219-247.
Triplehorn CA, Johnson NF. 2005. Borror and Delong’s Introduction to the Study of Insect
7th Edition. United States of America (US): Brooks/Cole.
Uetz GW, Unzicker JD. 1976. Pitfall trapping in ecological studies of wandering spiders.
Journal of Arachnology 3: 101–111.
Webster RP, Sweeney JD, DeMerchant I. 2012. New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick and eastern Canada: Tachyporinae. ZooKeys. 186:55-82.
White Richard E. 1983. Peterson Field Guides Beetless. Houghton Mifflin Company : Boston
New York.
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