Analisis Anatomi dan Trikoma Tanaman Obat Dandang Gendis Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau
Abstract
Research on the analysis of the anatomy of the stomatal and trichomes of the medicinal plant Dandang Gendis Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau in Makassar City. This study aims to determine the anatomical structure of the stomatal and trichomes of longitudinal cross-section of leaves that are used as herbal medicines. This research method was used to spread acetone to obtain stomatal prints on the leaf surface, the data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the analysis of the anatomy of the stomatal and trichomes of leaves of the medicinal plant Dandang Gendis Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau was a diacytic type of stomatal, the spread of stomatal was only found on the surface of the abaxial leaf including the apple type. The number of abaxial stomatal was 160 stomatal/mm2. The number of epidermal cells was 748 epidermis/mm2 and abaxial 504 epidermis/mm2, stomatal index 23.95%, and stomatal size 159.26 µm. On the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the leaves of Dandang Gendis Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau, glandular and lithocyst trichomes were encountered.
References
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Yahaya R., G. K. Dash, M. S. Abdullah and A. Mathews. 2015. Clinacanthus nutans (burm. F.) Lindau: An Useful Medicinal Plant of South-East Asia. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 7(6): 1244-1250.
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Aslam M. S., M. S. Ahmad and A. S. Mamat. 2015. A Review on Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Clinacanthus Nutans. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 7(2): 30-33.
Damayanti, F., 2007. Analisis Kromosom dan Anatomi Stomata pada Beberapa Plasma Nutfah Pisang (Musa sp.) Asal Kalimantan Timur. Bioscientiae 4(2): 53-61.
Haetrakul T., S. G. Dunbar and N. Chansue. 2018. Antiviral Activities of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau Extract Against Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3 in Koi (Cyprinus carpio koi). Journal Fish Diseases 41(4): 581-587.
Hidayat, S.R., 2009. Analisis Karakteristik Stomata, Kadar Klorofil dan Kandungan Logam Berat pada Daun Pohon Pelindung Jalan Kawasan Lumpur Porong Sidoarjo. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Malang, hal. 35-59.
Jamil, S., A. W. Kurdi, M.Y. Goh, M.Ebrahimi, N. Mohtarrudin, and Z.B. Hashim, 2018. Sub-acute Oral Toxicity Profiling of the Methanolic Leaf Extract of Clinachanthus nutans in Male and Female ICR Mice. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 10(12).
Kumekawa, Y., H. Miyaka, K. Ohga, H. Hayakawa, J. Yokoyama, K. Ito, S. Tebaya, R. Arakawa, and T. Fukuda. 2013. Comparative Analyses of Stomatal Size and Density Among Ecotypes of Aster hispidus (Asteraceae). American Journal of Plant Sciences 4: 524-527.
Kunsorn P., N. Ruangrungsi, V. Lipipun, A. Khanboon, K. Rungsihirunrat. 2013. The Identities and Anti-herpes Simplex Virus Activity of Clinacanthus nutans and Clinacanthus siamensis. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 3(4): 284-290.
Larcher, W., 1995. Physiological Plant Ecology Ecophysiology and Stress Physiology of Functional Groups. Third Edition. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Printed in Berlin, 506 pp.
Mulyani, E.S., 2006. Anatomi Tumbuhan. Penerbit Kanisius Yogyakarta, hal.132-157.
Nugraheni B., E. A. Narasukma, I. M. Cahyania, C. Retnaningsih, V. K. Ananingsih. 2017. Antioxidant Activity Test and Determination of Ec50 Extract and Fraction of Dandang Gendis Leaves (Clinacanthus nutans) By DPPH Method (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) in Vitro. Proceeding of The 2nd UMP-PIC & 8th ISCC 13-14 October 2017, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, pp. 98-103.
Nugroho, L.H., Purnomo dan I. Sumardi. 2006. Struktur & Perkembangan Tumbuhan. Penerbit Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta, hal. 84-119.
Nurulita Y., H. Dhanutirto, A. A. Soemardji. 2008. Penapisan Aktivitas dan Senyawa Antidiabetes Ekstrak Air Daun Dandang Gendis (Clinacanthus nutans). Jurnal Natur Indonesia 10(2): 98-103.
Palit, J.J., 2008. Teknik Perhitungan Jumlah Stomata Beberapa Kultivar Kelapa. Buletin Teknik Pertanian 13(1): 1-23.
Pandey, S.N. and A. Chadha. 1996. A Texbook of Botany Plant Anatomy and Economic Botany. Volume III. Vikas Publishing House PVT LTD New Delhi, pp. 96-103.
Raya K. B., S. H. Ahmad, S. F. Farhana, M. Mohammad, N. E. Tajidin, and A. Parvez. 2015. Changes In Phytochemical Contents In Different Parts Of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. F.) Lindau Due To Storage Duration. Bragantia Campinas 74(4): 445-452.
Salisbury, F.B. and C.W. Ross. 1992. Plant Physiology. Wardsworth Publishing Company Belmont California, 682 pp.
Sinaga, K. R., 2011. Pengujian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Dandang Gendis (Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau) Terhadap efek Hipoglikemik. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi: Meningkatkan Peran Biologi dalam Mewujudkan National Archievement with Global Reach, hal. 251-261.
Sunarti, S., Rugayah, E.F. Tihurun. 2008. Studi Anatomi Daun Jenis-jenis Averrhoa di Indonesia untuk Mempertegas Status Taksonominya. Berita Biologi 9(3): 253-257.
Tambaru, E., R. Ura’ dan M.Tuwo. 2018. Karakterisasi Stomata Tanaman Obat Andredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis dan Gratophyllum pictum (L.) Griff. Jurnal Ilmu Alam dan Lingkungan 9(17): 42-47.
Tambaru, E., 2015. Identifikasi Karakteristik Morfologi dan Anatomi Stomata Flacourtia inermis Roxb. Di Kawasan Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea Makassar. Jurnal Ilmu Alam dan Lingkunga 6(11): 37-41.
Tjitrosoepomo, G., 1990. Morfologi Tumbuhan. Gadjah Mada Universiy Press.Yogyakarta, 256 hal.
Yahaya R., G. K. Dash, M. S. Abdullah and A. Mathews. 2015. Clinacanthus nutans (burm. F.) Lindau: An Useful Medicinal Plant of South-East Asia. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 7(6): 1244-1250.
Zulkipli I. N., R. Rajabalaya, A. Idris, N. A.Sulaiman and S. R. David. 2017. Clinacanthus nutans: A Review on Ethnomedicinal Uses, Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Properties. Pharmaceutical Biology 55(1): 1093-1113.
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