Synthesis and Characterization of Rise Husk Nanopores Carbon Through Ultrasonic Irradiation With H3PO4  Activators as Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials

Sitti Rahmah; Muhammad Zakir; L. Musa Ramang

doi:10.20956/ica.v10i2.6653

Submitted

May 30, 2019

Accepted

May 30, 2019

Published

May 30, 2019

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Abstract

The research on synthesis and characterization of carbon nanopores rice husk through ultrasonic irradiation by activators H3PO4 as electrochemical energy storage material has been made. This activated carbon is a basic material in making electrodes which will be developed into electrochemical energy storage material. Nanopores carbon is made from rice husks, which passes through three stages of the process and the development methods of manufacturing of previous activated carbon. Carbonization carried out at a temperature of 350 oC, then add the HF with the aim to remove silica from the carbon in order to increase its surface area, and chemical activation with H3PO4. Furthermore, the modified carbon through ultrasonic irradiation. Characterization of the surface of activated carbon is done through the analysis of XRD and XRF, characterization of functional groups by FTIR, surface area determination by the method of methylene blue, as well as the specific capacitance measurement with CV. The results showed the addition HF can remove carbon silica in rice husks. The element largest of the active carbon with ultrasonic wave irradiation is Ca or oxide CaO by 46,43 %, which has a crystallinity of phase with relatively mesoporous carbon pores. The surface area of activated carbon rice husk with irradiation of ultrasonic waves in optimum condition at a temperature of 30 ° C for 60 minutes which is 184.348426 m2 / g. The value of the specific capacity of the activated carbon energy storage rice husks with and without irradiation of ultrasonic waves each is 1067,75 nF/g and 622,17 nF/gram.

Keywords

Electrochemical energy carbon nanopori rice husk removal silica activators H3PO4 ultrasonic irradiation.

How to Cite

Rahmah, S., Zakir, M., & Ramang, L. M. (2019). Synthesis and Characterization of Rise Husk Nanopores Carbon Through Ultrasonic Irradiation With H3PO4 Activators as Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials. Jurnal Akta Kimia Indonesia (Indonesia Chimica Acta), 10(2), 42-55. https://doi.org/10.20956/ica.v10i2.6653

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References

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Daifullah, A.A.M., Girgis, B.S., dan Gad, H.M.H., 2003, Utilization of Agro-Residues (Rice Husk) in Small Waste Water Treatment Plans, Elseiver B.V., 57 (11); 1723–1731.
Houston, D.F. 1972. Rice Chemistry and Technology. Minnecosta: America Association of Cereal Ceramic. Inc.
Hu, C. C., Chang, K. H., an Lin, M. C., 2006, Design and Tailoring of the Nanoturbular Arrayed Architecture of Hydrous RuO2 for Next Generation Supercapasitors, Nano Letters, 6 (12); 2690-2695.
Ip, A.W.M., Barford, J.P., McKay, G., (2008), Production and Comparison of High Surface Area Bamboo Derived Active Carbons. Jounal Bioresources Technol., 99 (18); 8909-8916.
Izadi, N. A., Yamada, T., Futaba, D. H., Yudasaka, M., Takagi, H., Hatori, H., dan Hata, K., 2011, High-Power Supercapacitors Electrodes from Single-Walled Carbons Nanoborn/Nanotube Composite, ACS Nano., 5 (2); 811-819.
Jaya, A.T., Ariwibowo, D.S. 2002. Effects of Addition of Rice Husk Ash on Expansive Soils. Http: //dewey.petra.ac.id/jiunkpe_dg_201. Accessed on July 28, 2015..
Lee, E., Shin, D., Kim, H., Koh, Y., dan Jang, J., 2008, Membrane of Hybrid Chitosan–Silica Xerogel for Guided Bone Regeneration, Biomaterials, 30 (5); 743-50.
Lin, J., Siddiqui, J.A., dan Ottenbrite, M., 2001, Surface Modification of Inorganic Oxide Particles with Silane Coupling Agent and Organic Dyes, PolymerAdvance Technology, 12; 285–292.
Narendra, R., and Susanti, 2012, Thesis: Electrochemical Capacitors from Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) Materials with Gel Cell Method and Calcination Process, Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Sepuluh November Institute of Technology: Surabaya.
Nasrullah, M., and Darminto, Phase Analysis and Width of Carbon Energy Band Gap in Coconut Shell Heating, Pomits Journal of Art and Science.
Simon, P., dan Burke, A., 2008, Nanostructured Carbons: Double Layer Capacitance and More, The Electrochemical Society Interface., 38-43.
Socrates, G. 1994. Infrared Characteristic Group Frequencies. England: The University of West London.
Stoller, M. D., Park, S., Zhu, Y., An, J., dan Ruoff, R. S., 2008, Graphene-Based Ultracapasitors, Nano Letters., 8 (10); 3498-3502.
Sun, Y.C., Chip, P.H., dan Shiue, M.Y., 2001, Comparison of different Digestion Methods for total Decomposition of Siliceous and Organic Environmentals Sample, Analytical Sciences, 17 (12); 1395-1399.
Svehla, G., 1985, Vogel Part II Textbook The fifth edition of Qualitative Inorganic Analysis of Macro and Semimicro, PT. Kalman Media Pustaka, Jakarta..
Wei, X., Xiao, Li., Jin Zhou, dan Ping, Z. S., 2011, Nanoporous Carbon Derived from Risk Husk for Electrochemical Capacitor Application, Advanced Materials Research, 239-242; 2101-2106
Widiantoro, A.T.T., and Susanti, D., 2013, Effect of Calcination Temperature Variations on the Capacitive Properties of Tungsten Oxide Electrochemical Capacitors (WO3) Sol Gel Synthesis Results, Technical Journal of POMITS, 2 (1); 3.
Zakir, M., 2013, Electrodeposition of Ru and Polyaniline Metals on Active Carbon Surfaces of Rice Husk by Ultrasonic Irradiation, Indonesia Chemica Acta, 6 (2); 2.
Zhu, Z., Hu, H., Li, W., dan Zhang, X., 2007. Resorcinol Formaldehyde Based Porous Carbon as an Electrode Material for Supercapasitors, Carbon, 45; 160-165.

References

Chen, M., dan Lena, Q. Ma., 2001, Comparation of Three Aqua regia Methods for Twenty Florida Soils, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 65 (2); 491.

Daifullah, A.A.M., Girgis, B.S., dan Gad, H.M.H., 2003, Utilization of Agro-Residues (Rice Husk) in Small Waste Water Treatment Plans, Elseiver B.V., 57 (11); 1723–1731.

Houston, D.F. 1972. Rice Chemistry and Technology. Minnecosta: America Association of Cereal Ceramic. Inc.

Hu, C. C., Chang, K. H., an Lin, M. C., 2006, Design and Tailoring of the Nanoturbular Arrayed Architecture of Hydrous RuO2 for Next Generation Supercapasitors, Nano Letters, 6 (12); 2690-2695.

Ip, A.W.M., Barford, J.P., McKay, G., (2008), Production and Comparison of High Surface Area Bamboo Derived Active Carbons. Jounal Bioresources Technol., 99 (18); 8909-8916.

Izadi, N. A., Yamada, T., Futaba, D. H., Yudasaka, M., Takagi, H., Hatori, H., dan Hata, K., 2011, High-Power Supercapacitors Electrodes from Single-Walled Carbons Nanoborn/Nanotube Composite, ACS Nano., 5 (2); 811-819.

Jaya, A.T., Ariwibowo, D.S. 2002. Effects of Addition of Rice Husk Ash on Expansive Soils. Http: //dewey.petra.ac.id/jiunkpe_dg_201. Accessed on July 28, 2015..

Lee, E., Shin, D., Kim, H., Koh, Y., dan Jang, J., 2008, Membrane of Hybrid Chitosan–Silica Xerogel for Guided Bone Regeneration, Biomaterials, 30 (5); 743-50.

Lin, J., Siddiqui, J.A., dan Ottenbrite, M., 2001, Surface Modification of Inorganic Oxide Particles with Silane Coupling Agent and Organic Dyes, PolymerAdvance Technology, 12; 285–292.

Narendra, R., and Susanti, 2012, Thesis: Electrochemical Capacitors from Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) Materials with Gel Cell Method and Calcination Process, Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Sepuluh November Institute of Technology: Surabaya.

Nasrullah, M., and Darminto, Phase Analysis and Width of Carbon Energy Band Gap in Coconut Shell Heating, Pomits Journal of Art and Science.

Simon, P., dan Burke, A., 2008, Nanostructured Carbons: Double Layer Capacitance and More, The Electrochemical Society Interface., 38-43.

Socrates, G. 1994. Infrared Characteristic Group Frequencies. England: The University of West London.

Stoller, M. D., Park, S., Zhu, Y., An, J., dan Ruoff, R. S., 2008, Graphene-Based Ultracapasitors, Nano Letters., 8 (10); 3498-3502.

Sun, Y.C., Chip, P.H., dan Shiue, M.Y., 2001, Comparison of different Digestion Methods for total Decomposition of Siliceous and Organic Environmentals Sample, Analytical Sciences, 17 (12); 1395-1399.

Svehla, G., 1985, Vogel Part II Textbook The fifth edition of Qualitative Inorganic Analysis of Macro and Semimicro, PT. Kalman Media Pustaka, Jakarta..

Wei, X., Xiao, Li., Jin Zhou, dan Ping, Z. S., 2011, Nanoporous Carbon Derived from Risk Husk for Electrochemical Capacitor Application, Advanced Materials Research, 239-242; 2101-2106

Widiantoro, A.T.T., and Susanti, D., 2013, Effect of Calcination Temperature Variations on the Capacitive Properties of Tungsten Oxide Electrochemical Capacitors (WO3) Sol Gel Synthesis Results, Technical Journal of POMITS, 2 (1); 3.

Zakir, M., 2013, Electrodeposition of Ru and Polyaniline Metals on Active Carbon Surfaces of Rice Husk by Ultrasonic Irradiation, Indonesia Chemica Acta, 6 (2); 2.

Zhu, Z., Hu, H., Li, W., dan Zhang, X., 2007. Resorcinol Formaldehyde Based Porous Carbon as an Electrode Material for Supercapasitors, Carbon, 45; 160-165.

Synthesis and Characterization of Rise Husk Nanopores Carbon Through Ultrasonic Irradiation With H3PO4 Activators as Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials

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