Article Sidebar

Submitted
Sep 13, 2022
Published
Nov 27, 2022
Download
pdf
Statistic
Read Counter : 1037 Download : 1290

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

Security is not only about the freedom of the state from military threats, but also free from non-traditional threats such as health. In the case of TB, for example, which may not as popular as the Covid-19 virus, there are 1.2 million people in the world who die every year. For this reason, as a global agenda in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), TB disease such as HIV/AIDS and Malaria must be addressed together. To that end, the United Nations encourages the establishment of the Global Fund (GF). GF is an international funding agency that works in the health sector. In Indonesia, the GF has been present since 2003 both with the Indonesian government and various community organizations, including in the context of South Sulawesi, namely the TB Care Community Foundation (YAMALI). For this reason, this study discusses the role of the GF in the context of human security in South Sulawesi with case studies of Tuberculosis (TB). The research method used was case study research by extracting data from documents or literature studies and field study by conducting interviews. The author finds that the role of GF through YAMALI is significant and widespread in ending TB in Indonesia. This is reflected in the various programs carried out, both directly and fully funded by GF and which are self-managed by YAMALI. This shows that studies and phenomena of international relations are no longer able to only be seen as big narratives or global agendas in the SDGs which are sufficiently managed by state elites or power holders who often dwell on high-level political issues. However, the issue of cross-border global development that is now included in the SDGs should be oriented towards People (Humans), Planet (Earth), Prosperity (Prosperity), Peace (Peace), and Partnership (Partnership).
 
 
Keamanan tidak hanya seputar bebasnya negara dari ancaman militer saja, namun juga oleh ancaman non-tradisional seperti kesehatan. Dalam kasus TB misalnya yang meskipun tidak sepopuler virus Covid-19, terdapat1,2 juta orang di dunia yang meninggal setiap tahunnya. Untuk itu, sebagai agenda global dalam Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) penyakit TB sebagaimana HIV/AIDS dan Malaria harus diatasi bersama. Untuk itu, PBB mendorong pembentukan lembaga Global Fund. (GF). GF merupakan lembaga pendanaan internasional yang bekerja di bidang kesehatan. Di Indonesia, GF telah hadir sejak 2003 baik dengan pemerintah Indonesia maupun berbagai organisasi masyarakat termasuk dalam konteks Sulawesi Selatan yakni Yayasan masyarakat Peduli TB (YAMALI). Untuk itu penelitian ini membahas mengenai peran Global Fund dalam konteks keamanan manusia di Sulsel dengan studi kasus Penyakit Tuberkulosis (TB). Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian studi kasus dengan menggali data dari dokumen atau studi pustaka dan studi lapangan dengan melakukan wawancara. Penulis menemukan bahwa peran GF melalui YAMALI signifikan dan meluas dalam mengkahiri penyakit menular TB di Indonesia. Hal ini tercermin dari berbagai program yang dijalankan baik yang secara langsung dan penuh didanai oleh GF maupun yang dikelola sendiri oleh YAMALI. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kajian dan fenomena hubungan internasional tidak lagi hanya mampu dipandang sebagai narasi besar atau agenda global dalam SDGs yang cukup dikelola oleh elit negara atau pemegang kekuasaan yang sering berkutat pada persoalan politik tingkat tinggi. Namun, seharusnya isu pembangunan global lintas batas negara yang kini tercakup dalam SDGs harus berorientasi pada People (Manusia), Planet (Bumi), Prosperity (Kemakmuran), Peace (Perdamaian), dan Partnership (Kemitraan).
 

Keywords

global fund human security NGOs SDGS

Article Details

References

  1. ‘Aisyiyah. (2019). Profil PR-TB ‘Aisyiyah - PR-TBAISYIYAH. http://www.pr-tbaisyiyah.or.id/tentang-aisyiyah/
  2. Admin. (2020). Dari MDGs ke SDGs – SDGs Desa. Kemendesa RI.
  3. Ahmad Rhomi Huseini. (2015). kerjasama indonesia dengan global fund mencapai mdgs 2015 dalam penanganan hiv dan aids.
  4. Aisyiyah, T. P. C. T.-H. C. (2019). Menemukan,mendampingi,memperdayakan ; Peran TB-care aisyiyah di Indonesia (Muhammad Ridha Basri (Ed.)). Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
  5. Alan, C. (2013). Human Security, Contemporary Security Studies, Third Edition, UK (p. 104). Oxford University Press.
  6. Austria Embassy Network. (2022). The Human Security Network — Austria. https://www.austria.org/the-human-security-network
  7. Bartsch, S. (2007). The global fund to fight AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. Global Health Governance and the Fight Against HIV/AIDS, 146–171. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230591349
  8. Buzan, B. (1983). People, States and Fear; The National Secutity Problem in International Relation.
  9. Caballero-Anthony, M. (2015). An introduction to non-traditional security studies: a transnational approach. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=V8qICwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=+An+Introduction+to+Non-Traditional+Security+Studies+:+A+Transnational+Approach.+Anthony,+Mely+Caballero.&ots=bbMUiTEq8y&sig=niT7woLntL5JeRyrBqux3KUwSWA
  10. Clark, J. (1991). Democratizing development: The role of voluntary organizations. Long Range Planning, 24(6), 120. https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-6301(91)90061-r
  11. Cousins, W. (1991). “Non-Governmental Initiatives” in ADB, The Urban Poor and Basic Infrastructure Services in Asia and the Pacific". Asian Development Bank, MANILA, 83–112.
  12. Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
  13. DPR RI. (2020). Anggota DPR Apresiasi Peningkatan Anggaran Pengendalian TBC. Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia. https://www.dpr.go.id/berita/detail/id/29969/t/Anggota+DPR+Apresiasi+Peningkatan+Anggaran+Pengendalian+TBC
  14. Fajar Sulsel. (2022). Stop Kasus Penyakit TBC, Yamali TB Sulsel Gandeng Lintas Sektor. https://sulsel.fajar.co.id/2022/06/23/stop-kasus-penyakit-tbc-yamali-tb-sulsel-gandeng-lintas-sektor/
  15. Fox, W. T. R., & Buzan, B. (1985). People, States, and Fear: The National Security Problem in International Relations. In International Journal (Vol. 40, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.2307/40202323
  16. FundsforNGOs. (2022). World NGO Day 2022: Commemorates the Impact of NGOs - fundsforNGOs News. https://news.fundsforngos.org/impact/world-ngo-day-2022-commemorates-the-impact-of-ngos/
  17. Gasper, D. (2005). Securing Humanity: Situating ‘Human Security’ as Concept and Discourse. Journal of Human Development, 6(2), 221–245. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649880500120558
  18. Global Fund. (2007). About The Global Fund. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230591349
  19. Global Fund. (2021). Government and Public Donors - The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/government/
  20. Global Fund. (2022). Resource Mobilization - The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/replenishment/
  21. Hartati, A. Y. (2020). Isu Covid 19 Dalam Konteks Human Security. Hlm. 1-17.
  22. ICPH. (2016). Sustainable Development Goals | International Conference on Public Health. Theicph.Com.
  23. ICRC. (2020). Handbook of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement | International Committee of the Red Cross. https://www.icrc.org/en/publication/0962-handbook-international-red-cross-and-red-crescent-movement
  24. Jenny Howard. (2020). Plague (Black Death) bacterial infection information and facts. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/the-plague
  25. Kaasch, A. (2015). The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. In Shaping Global Health Policy. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137308894.0008
  26. Kemenkes. (2017). Indonesia dan The Global Fund Luncurkan Dana Hibah Baru untuk Percepat Akselerasi Akhiri Epidemi HIV, TBC dan Malaria – Sehat Negeriku. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/umum/20180212/4224873/indonesia-dan-the-global-fund-luncurkan-dana-hibah-baru-percepat-akselerasi-akhiri-epidemi-hiv-tbc-dan-malaria/
  27. Kemenkes RI. (2013). Dirjen P2PL Kemenkes dan Global Fund Tandatangani Grant Signing GF SSF Fase 2 untuk Pengendalian TB – Sehat Negeriku. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilis-media/20131222/539341/dirjen-p2pl-kemenkes-dan-global-fund-tandatangani-grant-signing-gf-ssf-fase-2-untuk-pengendalian-tb/
  28. Kemenkes RI. (2016). Permenkes No 43 Tahun 2016 Tentang SPM Bidang Kesehatan. Kemenkes Republik Indonesia, 5(2719), 1–79.
  29. Kemenkes RI. (2017). Petunjuk Teknis Pelaksanaan Gerakan Ketuk Pintu Dalam Rangka Hari TB Sedunia 2017. 21.
  30. Kemenkes RI. (2018). Indonesia National TB Program. Current Status of Integrated Community Based TB Service Delivery and the Global Fund Work Plan to Find Missing TB Cases, 1–25.
  31. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2009). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (LEMBAR FAKTA RONDE KE-8 GFATM DI INDONESIA). https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/322/lembar-fakta-ronde-ke-8-gfatm-di-indonesia.html
  32. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2021). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/21032500001/jadikan-penerus-bangsa-bebas-tbc-dimulai-dari-diri-sendiri-dan-keluarga.html
  33. Kementerian PPN / Bappenas. (2017). Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan. 12–14. http://sdgsindonesia.or.id/index.php/sdgs/item/178-tujuan-pembangunan-berkelanjutan
  34. Konsorsium Komunitas PENABULU-STPI. (2020). Penabulu Foundation – Civil Society Resource Organization. https://penabulufoundation.org/
  35. Konsorsium Komunitas PENABULU-STPI. (2021). Pengumuman Organisasi yang Terpilih Sebagai Sub Recipient (SR). Penabulu Foundation. https://penabulufoundation.org/pengumuman-organisasi-yang-terpilih-sebagai-sub-recipient-sr/
  36. Luerdi, L., & Mardiyanti, M. (2021). Peran Organisasi Internasional di Wilayah Perang: Upaya UNICEF dalam Melindungi Hak-Hak Anak di Yaman. Journal of Islamic and International Affairs, 6(1), 23–58.
  37. Malala Fund. (2022). Malala’s Story | Malala Fund | Malala Fund. https://malala.org/malalas-story?sc=footer
  38. Masyarakat Sehat. (2018). “Ketuk Pintu TB” Jangan Sampai Tidak Dibuka - Masyarakat Sehat. http://masyarakatsehat.id/2018/07/02/ketuk-pintu-tb-jangan-sampai-tidak-dibuka/
  39. McInnes, C., & Lee, K. (2012). Global health and international relations. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=azieNaNqs8MC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Global+Health+and++International++Relations+colin+mcinnes+and+kelley+lee&ots=O-5hn9kjQo&sig=w69OwpQp7Kh4XaGBaXmAp0D3RwU
  40. Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley & Sons.
  41. Onur Bahçecik, Ş. (2020). Routledge handbook of NGOs and international relations. In Global Affairs (Vol. 6, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.1080/23340460.2020.1818272
  42. Pevehouse, J. C. W. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic, International Cooperation, and Populism. In International Organization (Vol. 74, Issue S1, pp. E191–E212). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818320000399
  43. Rokom. (2013). Bantuan 130 Juta Dolar untuk Tanggulangi AIDS, Malaria dan TB. Sehat Negeriku.
  44. Sara E. Davies. (2021). Containing Contagion: The Politics of Disease Outbreaks in Southeast Asia. Johns Hopkins University Press. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03068374.2021.1874756
  45. Sarah, M. (2002). The Role of NGO’s in “Human Security.” Working Paper, 12.
  46. Singh, A. (2008). Human Security: Concepts and Implications. In India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs (Vol. 64, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1177/097492840806400210
  47. STPI. (2022a). Kerjasama Bakrie Centre Foundation, Yamali TB Berbagi Nutrisi ke Pasien TBC. https://tbckomunitas.id/2022/02/kerjasama-bakrie-centre-foundation-yamali-tb-berbagi-paket-sembako-ke-pasien-tbc/
  48. STPI. (2022b). Perkuat Dukungan Psikososial Pasien TBC, Yamali TB Gandeng Kareba Baji - TBC Komunitas. https://tbckomunitas.id/2022/03/perkuat-dukungan-psikososial-pasien-tbc-yamali-tb-gandeng-kareba-baji/
  49. STPI. (2022c). Rakor Bersama PKM dan Dinkes Makassar, IU Yamali TB Makassar Perkenalkan Sejumlah Kader Baru - TBC Komunitas. https://tbckomunitas.id/2022/03/rakor-bersama-pkm-dan-dinkes-makassar-iu-yamali-tb-makassar-perkenalkan-sejumlah-kader-baru/
  50. TB Indonesia. (2021a). Menkes Bertemu Global Fund bahas AIDS, TBC, dan Malaria – Sehat Negeriku. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/umum/20190524/4030449/menkes-bertemu-global-fund-bahas-aids-tbc-dan-malaria/
  51. TB Indonesia. (2021b). Penutupan Program PR - TBC ’Aisyiyah - TBC Indonesia. https://tbindonesia.or.id/berita/penutupan-program-pr-tbc-aisyiyah/
  52. UNICEF. (2021). BTS and Big Hit renew commitment to “LOVE MYSELF” campaign to support UNICEF in ending violence and neglect as well as promoting self-esteem and well-being. https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/bts-and-big-hit-renew-commitment-love-myself-campaign-support-unicef-ending-violence
  53. United Nations Development Programme. (1994). Human Development Report: New Dimension of Human Security (1994). In United Nations Development Programme 1994.
  54. Wahyuningsih. (2018). Millenium Develompent Goals (Mdgs) Dan Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs) Dalam Kesejahteraan Sosial. Bisma, 11(3), 390. https://doi.org/10.19184/bisma.v11i3.6479
  55. WHO. (2017). Monitoring the Health-Related Sustainable Development Goals ( SDGs ). February, 9–10.
  56. WHO. (2020). Indonesia-A community-led advocacy campaign to mobilize local funding for tuberculosis. moz-extension://89be5b83-d25b-46bb-a726-06da9fdd7c27/enhanced-reader.html?openApp&pdf=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.who.int%2Fmedia%2Fdocs%2Fdefault-source%2Fdocuments%2Ftuberculosis%2Fengage-tb-indonesia-case-study5ec459ba-a954-4016-b438-a37cb458b1b0.pdf%3Fsfvrsn%3D
  57. World Health Organization. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019
  58. Yona, S. (2018). penyusunan Studi Kasus (Study Case). 10(2), 76–80.
  59. Youde, J. (2016). High politics, low politics, and global health. Journal of Global Security, 1(2), 157–170. https://academic.oup.com/jogss/article-abstract/1/2/157/2579729