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Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): NOVEMBER

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Towards a diversified agricultural forest-based economy: Community views of planting sandalwood in Timor-Leste

https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v7i2.23548
Pyone Myat Thu
Center of Excellence on Migration and Development, Institute of Asian Studies, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9948-0523
Joaquina Barreto
Agricultural Innovations of Sustainable Communities Program (AI-Com), Dili, Timor-Leste
William Erskine
UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2074-4299
Robert Williams
Agricultural Innovations of Sustainable Communities Program (AI-Com), Dili, Timor-Leste
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3307-7576
Abril Soares
Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Valerio Ximenes
Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Anita Ximenes
Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Maria Fernandes
Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Octaviana P Agostinho
Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Tony Page
Tropical Forests and People Research Centre, Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3982-0669

Corresponding Author(s) : Pyone Myat Thu

pyone.m@chula.ac.th

Forest and Society, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): NOVEMBER

Abstract

With growing awareness that export revenues derived from non-renewable oil and gas resources are in decline, Timor-Leste seeks to develop a more sustainable and diversified economy. Sandalwood holds significant cultural, economic and historical importance for the Timorese people, and is representative of an internationally competitive export product. Livelihood diversification can alleviate the prevalence of poverty among smallholders in Timor-Leste. Within this context, and with a focus on forestry, we sought to determine the institutional support and smallholder interest and capacity for restoring over-exploited sandalwood. Interviewed households were acutely aware of the high value and benefits derived from sandalwood and expressed strong interest in planting the species for income generation. Land tenure security, essential for long-term forestry investments, was high among those surveyed and not considered a limitation. Improved forestry extension can address many of the respondent-identified risks which were biophysical (lack of water, pests, livestock, and fire destruction). Legal marketing of planted sandalwood, which is currently prohibited, can help growers maximise benefits from their investments and provide a market signal to stimulate wider planting of sandalwood among smallholders.

Keywords

Forestry Diversified economy Smallholder livelihoods Timor-Leste (East Timor) Sandalwood (Santalum album L.)
Thu, P. M., Barreto, J., Erskine, W., Williams, R., Soares, A., Ximenes, V., Ximenes, A., Fernandes, M., Agostinho, O. P., & Page, T. . (2023). Towards a diversified agricultural forest-based economy: Community views of planting sandalwood in Timor-Leste. Forest and Society, 7(2), 311-343. https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v7i2.23548
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Author Biographies

Pyone Myat Thu, Center of Excellence on Migration and Development, Institute of Asian Studies, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Research Fellow, Asian Research Center for Migration, Institute of Asian Studies, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand and, Adjunct Research Fellow, School of Social Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia  
Joaquina Barreto, Agricultural Innovations of Sustainable Communities Program (AI-Com), Dili, Timor-Leste
National Community Research Coordinator
William Erskine, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
Director, Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding
Robert Williams, Agricultural Innovations of Sustainable Communities Program (AI-Com), Dili, Timor-Leste
Technical Director
Abril Soares, Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Researcher
Valerio Ximenes, Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Researcher
Anita Ximenes, Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Researcher
Maria Fernandes, Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Researcher
Octaviana P Agostinho, Department of Agriculture Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dili, Timor-Leste
Researcher
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