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Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): NOVEMBER

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The Production of Safety School Space from Climate Disasters in Doi Mae Salong Forest, Upland Northern Thailand

https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v6i2.20739
Maya Dania
Disaster Resilience and Environmental Sustainability (DRES) Program, ARCID, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4896-8614
Wanwalee Inpin
Disaster Resilience and Environmental Sustainability (DRES) Program, ARCID, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5221-2940
Reni Juwitasari
Disaster Resilience and Environmental Sustainability (DRES) Program, ARCID, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9747-3343
Yuki Miyake
Disaster Resilience and Environmental Sustainability (DRES) Program, ARCID, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6701-4621
Yukiko Takeuchi
Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology (Engineering), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
Takayoshi Maki
Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-0309

Corresponding Author(s) : Maya Dania

maya.dan@mfu.ac.th

Forest and Society, Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): NOVEMBER

Abstract

This research is conducted in Santikhiri, a hilltop village on the highest peak in the Doi Mae Salong forest, where climate change increases the intensity and frequency of natural disasters that immensely affect the local children in the mountainous area in Chiang Rai province, northern Thailand. There is only one secondary-level school in this forest landscape educating around 900 schoolchildren from various minority hill-tribe ethnic groups. This paper examines everyday life experiences recentering the village school's role as the producer of safe space for the forest children from climate disasters. School safety is a global framework for recognizing the importance of child-centered efforts in building disaster resilience for the education sector. Parameters and variables used to measure the disaster resilience of schools are adapted from the Climate Resilience Model and School Safety Model by Tong et al. (2012), covering three dimensions: 1) institutional issues, 2) physical conditions, and 3) external relationships. Lefebvre's Spatial Triad Framework is applied to dialectically interconnect dimensions to produce a safe space at the village school to protect the students from climate disaster threats. A mix-method method is applied with several techniques to collect data, including participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and content analysis. Furthermore, a scale Likert survey examined statements on school safety from educational practitioners in the rural forest area. The research argues that the production of safe space at the school is intertwined with budget allocation for disaster preparedness and response (institutional issue as l'espace concu), environmental protection campaign to create a hygienic school environment (physical conditions as l'espace percu), and support from the local community (external relations as l'espace vecu). However, the school is also two contradicting spaces of conceived and lived. Through the critical examination of the production of safe space, the school is a planned space of hierarchical power relations in institutional issues focusing on impacts from rapid-onset disasters. Concurrently, the forest children are still marginalized from external relationships and natural conditions' slow-onset climate change impacts.

Keywords

School Safety Spatial Triad Framework Forest Climate Disasters Northern Thailand
Dania, M., Inpin, W., Juwitasari, R., Miyake, Y., Takeuchi, Y., & Maki, T. (2022). The Production of Safety School Space from Climate Disasters in Doi Mae Salong Forest, Upland Northern Thailand. Forest and Society, 6(2), 763-788. https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v6i2.20739
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Author Biographies

Maya Dania, Disaster Resilience and Environmental Sustainability (DRES) Program, ARCID, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
Maya Dania is a lecturer of International Development Program, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand  
Wanwalee Inpin, Disaster Resilience and Environmental Sustainability (DRES) Program, ARCID, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
Dr. Wanwalee is a lecturer of International Development Program, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand    
Reni Juwitasari, Disaster Resilience and Environmental Sustainability (DRES) Program, ARCID, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
Reni Juwitasari is an associate researcher at Asian Research Center for International Development (ARCID), Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand  
Yuki Miyake, Disaster Resilience and Environmental Sustainability (DRES) Program, ARCID, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
Dr. Yuki Miyake is a lecturer of International Development Program, School of Social Innovation, Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand    
Yukiko Takeuchi, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology (Engineering), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
Dr. Yukiko Takeuchi is an Associate Professor at Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology (Engineering), Kumamoto University , Japan    
Takayoshi Maki, Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
Dr. Takayoshi Maki is an Associate Professor at Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan    
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