This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Tenure Impacts on Livelihood, Income, Forest Condition, and Equity of an Upland Community in Negros Occidental, Philippines
Corresponding Author(s) : Nicole Nacionales
Forest and Society,
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): NOVEMBER
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- Adams, W. M., Aveling, R., Brockington, D., Dickson, B., Elliott, J., Hutton, J., ... & Wolmer, W. (2004). Biodiversity Conservation and The Eradication of Poverty. Science, 306(5699), 1146-1149. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1097920
- Amanor, K. S. (2005). Equity in forest benefit sharing and poverty alleviation. In Equity in Forest Benefit Sharing: Stakeholders’ Views. Tropenbos International—Ghana, Workshop proceedings (Vol. 3, pp. 15-23). Retrieved from https://www.tropenbos.org/file.php/217/benefitsharingsmall.pdf.
- Antinori, C., & Rausser, G. C. (2008). Ownership and control in Mexico’s community forestry sector. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 57(1), 101-136. https://doi.org/10.1086/590459
- CENRO, Cadiz City. (2016). Northern Negros Natural Park. Brgy. Patag, Silay City. Biodiversity Monitoring System, June 2016. Bantayan Park, Bago City, Negros Occidental.
- Chechina, M., Neveux, Y., Parkins, J. R., & Hamann, A. (2018). Balancing conservation and livelihoods: A study of forest-dependent communities in the Philippines. Conservation and Society, 16(4), 420-430. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/cs.cs_16_182
- City Planning and Development Office – City Government of Silay. (2016). Barangay Patag Profile.
- Colina, A., IV. (2014). Organic farming for peace, dev't. SunStar Philippines. Retrieved from https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/376682/Organic-farming-for-peace-devt
- DENR. 2016. NNNP Basic Features and Profile.
- Dizon, J. T. (2004). Co-management of the commons: some experiences with community-based resource management in the Philippine uplands. In Commons in an Age of Global Transition: Challenges, Risks and Opportunities, 10th IASCP Conference, Oaxaca, Mexico.
- Enrique, R. (1992). Integrated social forestry program [ISFP] of Cenro 3-10, Guiguinto, Bulacan [Philippines]. University of the Philippines at Los Baños.
- FMB-DENR. (2021). Historical Background. Retrieved from https://forestry.denr.gov.ph/index.php/about-fmb/historical-background
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2013). Forests and Water. International Momentum and Action.
- Gevaña, D. (2009). Equity and tenure regime in Community-based Forest Management in Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines (Master’s thesis). University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
- Hansen, M. C., Potapov, P. V., Moore, R., Hancher, M., Turubanova, S. A., Tyukavina, A., ... & Townshend, J. (2013). High-resolution global maps of 21st-century forest cover change. Science, 342(6160), 850-853. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1244693
- Levang P., E. Dounias, and S. Sitorus. (2005). Out of the forest, out of poverty? Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, 15(2), 211-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2005.9752521
- Maohong, B. (2012). Deforestation in the Philippines, 1946-1995. Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints, 60(1), 117-130. https://doi.org/10.1353/phs.2012.0011
- Macahilo, M. (2018). Organic Agriculture: A Boon to Patag Farmers. Agriculture Monthly. Retrieved from https://www.agriculture.com.ph/2018/07/12/organic-agriculture-a-boon-to-patag-farmers/
- Masipiquena, A. (1993). People-centered approach to forest resource management: the case of integrated social forestry program implementation in selected project sites in Isabela, Philippines. University of the Philippines at Los Baños.
- Orias, A. B., & Bande, M. M. (2018). Policy and Socio-ecological Assessment of the Integrated Social Forestry Program after 25 Years of Implementation in St. Bernard, Southern Leyte, Philippines. International Journal of Environmental and Rural Development, 9(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.32115/ijerd.9.1_7
- Pasa, Arturo E. (2007). Rewarding smallholders for their environmental services: Lessons learned from Midwestern Leyte. Improving the Triple Bottom Line Returns from Small-scale Forestry, Ormoc, the Philippines, 18 - 21 June 2007. Gatton, Qld, Australia: The University of Queensland. Retrieved from https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:108378
- Peras R.J.J., Pulhin J.M., Gevaña D.T., Inoue M. (2021) Natural Resource Base as a Foundation of Human Security. In Pulhin J.M., Inoue M., Shaw R. (eds) Climate Change, Disaster Risks, and Human Security. Disaster Risk Reduction (Methods, Approaches and Practices) (pp 113-136). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8852-5_6
- Philippine Statistics Authority. (2016). 2013 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry - Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing for Establishments with Total Employment of 20 and Over: Preliminary Results. Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/content/2013-annual-survey-philippine-business-and-industry-agriculture-forestry-and-fishing
- Pulhin, J. M. (2002). Trends in Forest Policy of the Philippines. Policy Trend Report. College of Forestry and Natural Resources. University of the Philippine, Los Baños. pp 29-41. Retrieved from https://aboutphilippines.org/files/Trends-in-Forest-Policy-Philippines.pdf
- Pulhin, J. M., Dizon, J. T., Cruz, R. V. O., Gevana, D. T., & Dahal, G. (2008). Tenure Reform on Philippine Forest Lands: Assessment ff Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts. CIFOR
- Pulhin, J., Gevana, D., Pulhin, F. (2017). Community-Based Mangrove Management in the Philippines: Experience and Challenges in the Context of Changing Climate. In DasGupta, R & Shaw, R. (eds.) Participatory Mangrove Management in a Changing Climate (pp 247-262). Springer.
- Ramirez, D. (1991). Some Social Insights on Philippine Programs in the Forestry Sector. Transactions of the National Academy of Science and Technology. Republic of the Philippines. Volume XIII.
- Richards, M., Maharjan, M., & Kanel, K. (2003). Economics, poverty and transparency: measuring equity in forest user groups. Journal of Forest and Livelihood, 3(1), 91-106.
- Ruzol, C. D., Camacho, A. C. D., Sabino, L. L., Garcia, J. E., Gevaña, D. T., & Camacho, L. D. (2020). A materialist-idealist divide? Policy and practice in participatory mangrove rehabilitation in the Philippines. Environmental Science & Policy, 112, 394-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.06.026
- UN Habitat. (2020). Module 8. Monitoring and Reporting the SDGs. Secure Tenure Rights to Land.
- Yamane, T. (1967)( Statistics, An Introductory Analysis (2nd Ed.). Harper and Row.
- Yamane, T. (1999). Statistics: An introductory Analysis, (3rd Ed.). Harper and Row.
References
Adams, W. M., Aveling, R., Brockington, D., Dickson, B., Elliott, J., Hutton, J., ... & Wolmer, W. (2004). Biodiversity Conservation and The Eradication of Poverty. Science, 306(5699), 1146-1149. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1097920
Amanor, K. S. (2005). Equity in forest benefit sharing and poverty alleviation. In Equity in Forest Benefit Sharing: Stakeholders’ Views. Tropenbos International—Ghana, Workshop proceedings (Vol. 3, pp. 15-23). Retrieved from https://www.tropenbos.org/file.php/217/benefitsharingsmall.pdf.
Antinori, C., & Rausser, G. C. (2008). Ownership and control in Mexico’s community forestry sector. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 57(1), 101-136. https://doi.org/10.1086/590459
CENRO, Cadiz City. (2016). Northern Negros Natural Park. Brgy. Patag, Silay City. Biodiversity Monitoring System, June 2016. Bantayan Park, Bago City, Negros Occidental.
Chechina, M., Neveux, Y., Parkins, J. R., & Hamann, A. (2018). Balancing conservation and livelihoods: A study of forest-dependent communities in the Philippines. Conservation and Society, 16(4), 420-430. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/cs.cs_16_182
City Planning and Development Office – City Government of Silay. (2016). Barangay Patag Profile.
Colina, A., IV. (2014). Organic farming for peace, dev't. SunStar Philippines. Retrieved from https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/376682/Organic-farming-for-peace-devt
DENR. 2016. NNNP Basic Features and Profile.
Dizon, J. T. (2004). Co-management of the commons: some experiences with community-based resource management in the Philippine uplands. In Commons in an Age of Global Transition: Challenges, Risks and Opportunities, 10th IASCP Conference, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Enrique, R. (1992). Integrated social forestry program [ISFP] of Cenro 3-10, Guiguinto, Bulacan [Philippines]. University of the Philippines at Los Baños.
FMB-DENR. (2021). Historical Background. Retrieved from https://forestry.denr.gov.ph/index.php/about-fmb/historical-background
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2013). Forests and Water. International Momentum and Action.
Gevaña, D. (2009). Equity and tenure regime in Community-based Forest Management in Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines (Master’s thesis). University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
Hansen, M. C., Potapov, P. V., Moore, R., Hancher, M., Turubanova, S. A., Tyukavina, A., ... & Townshend, J. (2013). High-resolution global maps of 21st-century forest cover change. Science, 342(6160), 850-853. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1244693
Levang P., E. Dounias, and S. Sitorus. (2005). Out of the forest, out of poverty? Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, 15(2), 211-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2005.9752521
Maohong, B. (2012). Deforestation in the Philippines, 1946-1995. Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints, 60(1), 117-130. https://doi.org/10.1353/phs.2012.0011
Macahilo, M. (2018). Organic Agriculture: A Boon to Patag Farmers. Agriculture Monthly. Retrieved from https://www.agriculture.com.ph/2018/07/12/organic-agriculture-a-boon-to-patag-farmers/
Masipiquena, A. (1993). People-centered approach to forest resource management: the case of integrated social forestry program implementation in selected project sites in Isabela, Philippines. University of the Philippines at Los Baños.
Orias, A. B., & Bande, M. M. (2018). Policy and Socio-ecological Assessment of the Integrated Social Forestry Program after 25 Years of Implementation in St. Bernard, Southern Leyte, Philippines. International Journal of Environmental and Rural Development, 9(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.32115/ijerd.9.1_7
Pasa, Arturo E. (2007). Rewarding smallholders for their environmental services: Lessons learned from Midwestern Leyte. Improving the Triple Bottom Line Returns from Small-scale Forestry, Ormoc, the Philippines, 18 - 21 June 2007. Gatton, Qld, Australia: The University of Queensland. Retrieved from https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:108378
Peras R.J.J., Pulhin J.M., Gevaña D.T., Inoue M. (2021) Natural Resource Base as a Foundation of Human Security. In Pulhin J.M., Inoue M., Shaw R. (eds) Climate Change, Disaster Risks, and Human Security. Disaster Risk Reduction (Methods, Approaches and Practices) (pp 113-136). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8852-5_6
Philippine Statistics Authority. (2016). 2013 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry - Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing for Establishments with Total Employment of 20 and Over: Preliminary Results. Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/content/2013-annual-survey-philippine-business-and-industry-agriculture-forestry-and-fishing
Pulhin, J. M. (2002). Trends in Forest Policy of the Philippines. Policy Trend Report. College of Forestry and Natural Resources. University of the Philippine, Los Baños. pp 29-41. Retrieved from https://aboutphilippines.org/files/Trends-in-Forest-Policy-Philippines.pdf
Pulhin, J. M., Dizon, J. T., Cruz, R. V. O., Gevana, D. T., & Dahal, G. (2008). Tenure Reform on Philippine Forest Lands: Assessment ff Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts. CIFOR
Pulhin, J., Gevana, D., Pulhin, F. (2017). Community-Based Mangrove Management in the Philippines: Experience and Challenges in the Context of Changing Climate. In DasGupta, R & Shaw, R. (eds.) Participatory Mangrove Management in a Changing Climate (pp 247-262). Springer.
Ramirez, D. (1991). Some Social Insights on Philippine Programs in the Forestry Sector. Transactions of the National Academy of Science and Technology. Republic of the Philippines. Volume XIII.
Richards, M., Maharjan, M., & Kanel, K. (2003). Economics, poverty and transparency: measuring equity in forest user groups. Journal of Forest and Livelihood, 3(1), 91-106.
Ruzol, C. D., Camacho, A. C. D., Sabino, L. L., Garcia, J. E., Gevaña, D. T., & Camacho, L. D. (2020). A materialist-idealist divide? Policy and practice in participatory mangrove rehabilitation in the Philippines. Environmental Science & Policy, 112, 394-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.06.026
UN Habitat. (2020). Module 8. Monitoring and Reporting the SDGs. Secure Tenure Rights to Land.
Yamane, T. (1967)( Statistics, An Introductory Analysis (2nd Ed.). Harper and Row.
Yamane, T. (1999). Statistics: An introductory Analysis, (3rd Ed.). Harper and Row.