SUPLEMENTASI TRANSFER FACTOR® MENINGKATKAN BERAT BADAN DANKETERAMPILAN SOSIAL ANAK GIZI BURUK-KURANG
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Abstract
Lebih dari 50% anak meninggal di negara berkembang karena infeksi yang disebabkan oleh kekurangan gizi. Menurut laporan kasus dari klinik-klinik dokter anak, Transfer Factor® efektif memperbaiki pertumbuhandan perkembangan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keefektifanTransfer Factor® terhadap peningkatan berat badan dan keterampilan sosial anak gizi buruk-kurang usia 3-4 tahun. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua anak yang memiliki status gizi buruk-kurang di Kelurahan Pannampu Kecamatan Tallo, Kota Makassar tahun 2015. Teknik pengambilan sampel, yaitu random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 20 anak. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t berpasangan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa suplementasi Transfer Factor® efektif terhadap peningkatan berat badan anak gizi buruk-kurang (p=0,000<α=0,05). Transfer Factor® juga efektif terhadap perubahan kemampuan keterampilan sosial anak gizi buruk-kurang(p=0,001<α=0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa Transfer Factor® efektif terhadap peningkatan berat badan dan keterampilan sosial anak gizi buruk-kurang umur 3-4 tahun.
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34. Febry F. Pelaksanaan Keluarga Sadar Gizi (Kadarzi) di Indonesia [Skripsi]. Palembang: Universitas Sriwijaya; 2013.
35. Elkin R. Transfer Factor Pengukuh Imun Semula Jadi yang Terkini. Utah: Woodland Publishing, 2001.
36. Williams J, Wolff A, Daly A, Macdonald A, Aukett A, Booth IW. Iron Supplemented Formula Milk Related to Reduction in Psychomotor Decline in Infants from Inner City Areas: Randomised Study. BMJ. 1999;318:693–8.
37. Voigt RG, Mellon MW, Katusic SK, Weaver AL, Matern D, Mellon B, Jensen CL, Barbaresi WJ. Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Children with Autism. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;58(6):715-22.
38. Walker, H.M. The ACCESS Program: Adolescent Curriculum for Communication and Effective Social Skills: Student Study Guide. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.1983.
39. Zins, J., Weissbert, R., Wang, M., & Walberg, H. Building Academic Success on Social and Emotional Learning: What does the Research Say? New York: Teachers College Press. 2004.
40. Combs, T. P., & Slaby, D. Social Skills Training with Children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology. 1978;1:38-57.
41. Kramer L, Radey C. Improving Sibling Relationship among Young Children: A Social Skill Training Model. Family Relations. 1997;46(3):237-246.
2. Teferi E, Lera M, Sita S, Bogale Z, Datiko DG, Yassin MA. Treatment Outcome of Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition Admitted to Therapeutic Feeding Centers in Southern Region of Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2010;24(3).
3. Berti A, Bregani ER, Manenti F, Pizzi C. Outcome of Severely Malnourished Children Treated according to UNICEF 2004 Guidelines: A One-Year Experience in A Zone Hospital in Rural ETHIOPIA. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008;102(9):939–44.
4. Bachou H, Tumwine JK, Mwadime RK, Tylleskär T. Risk Factors in Hospital Deaths in Severely Malnourished Children in Kampala, Uganda. BMC Pediatr. 2006;6(1):7. doi:10.1186/1471-2431-6-7.
5. Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Blössner M, Black RE. Undernutrition as an Underlying Cause of Child Deaths Associated with Diarrhea, Pneumonia, Malaria, and Measles. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80(1):193–8.
6. Meisels SJ, Shonkoff JP. Early Childhood Intervention: A Continuing Evolution, Hand Book of Early Childhood Intervention. 2nd ed. UK: Cambridge University Press; 2000. pp. 3–4.
7. Annan KA. Preface, A Future of Sustainable Development Begins with Safeguarding the Health of Every Child; Food Nutr Bull. suppl1.2004. 25.
8. Chilton M, Chyatte M, Breaux J. The Negative Effects of Poverty and Food Insecurity on Child Development. Indian J Med Res. 2007;126:262–72.
9. Cartledge, G., Milburn, J.F. Teaching Social Skill to Children and Youth. Third Edition. United States of America : Allen and Bacon. 1995.
10. Turnip F. Pengaruh Positif Deviance pada Ibu dari Keluarga Miskin terhadap Status Gizi Anak Usia 12-24 Bulan di Kecamatan Sidikallan Kabupaten Dairi Provinsi Sumatera Utara [Tesis]. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara.2007.
11. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Riset kesehatan dasar 2013. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2013.
12. WHO. Pelayanan Kesehatan Anak di Rumah Sakit. Jakarta : WHO; 2011.
13. Jeuness.Whatis the Transfer Factor®. Institute of Longevity medicine, California, USA. 2009.
14. Bennett R., Gunaan SH.. Transfer Factor® Penemuan Baru Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Kita tentang Imunit. 2007.
15. Arikunto S. Manajemen Penelitian, edisi Revisi. Jakarta : Rineka Cipta; 2005.
16. Gibson RS. Principles of Nutritional Assessment. Second Edition. Oxford University Press Inc, New York. 200:68.2005.
17. Hurlock EB. Psikologi Perkembangan : Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang Kehidupan (terjemahan: Istiwidayati). Jakarta: Erlangga. 56:44-45.2000.
18. Wilkerson DS. Application of the Paired t-test. University of Lousiana’s Undergraduate Research Journal Scholarly. 2008;5(1).
19. Gulati JK. Child Malnutrition Trends and Issues. Anthropologist, 2010;12(2): 131-140.
20. Alderman, H., and Walker, S. Enhancing Resilience to Nutritional Shocks. Intl Food Policy Res Inst. 2014;17.
21. Shaheen, R., De Francisco, A., El Arifeen, S., Ekström, E. C., & Persson, L. Å. Effect of Prenatal food Supplementation on Birth Weight: an Observational Study from Bangladesh. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2006;83(6), 1355-1361.
22. Jannah, R. Pengaruh Pemberian Suplemen Vitamin terhadap Perubahan Status Gizi (BB/U) Anak Bawah Garis Merah (BGM) di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kambat Utara Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah (HST) tahun 2010 [Skripsi]. Banjarbaru : Program Studi Gizi STIKES Husada Borneo; 2010.
23. Marsaoly M; Bahar B; Sirajuddin S. Pengaruh Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (Telur Rebus dan Bubur Kacang Hijau) terhadap Status Gizi Anak Usia Sekolah. Media Gizi Masyarakat Indonesia. 2011;1(1).
24. Grillenberger M, Charlotte G. Neumann, Suzanne P. Murphy, Nimrod O. Bwibo, Pieter van’t Veer, Joseph G. A. J. Hautvast, and Clive E. Food Supplements Have a Positive Impact on Weight Gain and the Addition of Animal Source Foods Increases Lean Body Mass of Kenyan School Children. The American Society for Nutritional Sciences. 2003; 133(11).
25. Korkmaz A, Yurdakok M, Yigit S. Long- Termenteral Glutamine Supplementation in Very Low Birth Weightinfants: Effects on Growth Parameters. Turk J Pediatr.2007;49,37–44.
26. Fall CH, Fisher DJ, Osmond C, Margetts BM. Maternal Micronutrient Supplementation Study Group. Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation during Pregnancy in Low-income Countries: a Meta-analysis of Effects on Birth Size and Length of Gestation. Food Nutr Bull;30(4).2009.
27. Prasot RM, Sudhir KV, Saurabh K, Mukesh Kr. Kanaujiya. An Epidemiological Study of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) among 1-6 Years Children in Rural Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.2014;13(3):10-14.
28. Perez E & Klein B. Impact of Fortified Blended Food Aid Products on Nutritional Status of Infants and Young Children in Developing Countries. Nutr Rev 67, 2009;706–718.
29. Patel D, Gupta P, Shah D, Sethi K. Homebased Rehabilitation of Severly Malnourished Children in Resource Poor Setting. Indian Pediatric. 2010.47(8):694-701.
30. Combs, T. P., & Slaby, D. Social Skills Training with Children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology,1978;1:38-57.
31. Kurniasih, D., Hilmansyah, H., Astuti, M. P., dan Imam, S. Sehat dan Bugar Berkat Gizi Seimbang. Jakarta : PT. Gramedia; 2010.
32. Collard KJ. Iron Homeostasis in the Neonate. Pediatrics. 2009; 123(4).
33. Hartono, R.. Djarot Darsono. Pengaruh Status Gizi Anak Usia di Bawah Lima Tahun terhadap Nilai Belajar Verbal dan Numerik. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional. 2009; 3(4):177–184.
34. Febry F. Pelaksanaan Keluarga Sadar Gizi (Kadarzi) di Indonesia [Skripsi]. Palembang: Universitas Sriwijaya; 2013.
35. Elkin R. Transfer Factor Pengukuh Imun Semula Jadi yang Terkini. Utah: Woodland Publishing, 2001.
36. Williams J, Wolff A, Daly A, Macdonald A, Aukett A, Booth IW. Iron Supplemented Formula Milk Related to Reduction in Psychomotor Decline in Infants from Inner City Areas: Randomised Study. BMJ. 1999;318:693–8.
37. Voigt RG, Mellon MW, Katusic SK, Weaver AL, Matern D, Mellon B, Jensen CL, Barbaresi WJ. Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation in Children with Autism. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;58(6):715-22.
38. Walker, H.M. The ACCESS Program: Adolescent Curriculum for Communication and Effective Social Skills: Student Study Guide. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.1983.
39. Zins, J., Weissbert, R., Wang, M., & Walberg, H. Building Academic Success on Social and Emotional Learning: What does the Research Say? New York: Teachers College Press. 2004.
40. Combs, T. P., & Slaby, D. Social Skills Training with Children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology. 1978;1:38-57.
41. Kramer L, Radey C. Improving Sibling Relationship among Young Children: A Social Skill Training Model. Family Relations. 1997;46(3):237-246.
Authors
Nurlinda, A. (2016). SUPLEMENTASI TRANSFER FACTOR® MENINGKATKAN BERAT BADAN DANKETERAMPILAN SOSIAL ANAK GIZI BURUK-KURANG. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 12(2), 111-117. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v12i2.927
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