Perubahan Sikap pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Indonesia Tahun 2014-2018 (Gerakan Nusantara)
Abstract
Behavioral patterns and eating habits as adults are formed in childhood. Knowledge and eating habits will lead to changes in a more regular and balanced nutritional attitude. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of nutrition program education in changes in the average attitude score before and after of Gerakan Nusantara program in 2014-2018. 7605 people are elementary school students grade III, IV, and V in several areas in the City of Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, Medan, Makassar, Yogyakarta, Pontianak, NTT, Pekanbaru, Padang, Jambi, and Sorong. The data used are secondary data from Gerakan Nusantara in 2014-2018. Data processing using SPSS with t-test dependent & t-test independent, correlation and One-way Anova. The analysis showed that there was a statistically significant change (p<0.05) in each year with a difference in 2014 related to an increase in attitude by 4%, in 2015 by 6%, in 2016 by 6%, in 2017 by 10%. in 2018 at 36%. Meanwhile, the relationship of knowledge to attitudes obtained statistically significant results (p<0.05), in 2014 (r = 0.47, p = 0,000), 2015 (r = 0.26, p = 0,000), year 2016 (r = 0.35, p = 0,000), 2017 (r = 0.26, p = 0,000) and 2018 (r = 0.41, p = 0,000). Nutrition education programs bring significant improvements in attitude changes that are also influenced by knowledge in primary school children each year.
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26. Metos JM, Sarnoff K, Jordan KC. Teachers' Perceived and Desired Roles in Nutrition Education. Journal of School Health. 2019:89(1):68-76.
2. Chong KH, Wu SK, Noor HY, et al. Eating Habits of Malaysian Children: Findings of the South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS). Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health. 2016:8.
3. Anggiruling DO, Ekayanti I, Khomsan A. Analysis of Snack Choice, Nutrition Contribution and Nutritional Status of Primary School Children. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2019;15(1):81-90.
4. Widiyaningsih EN, Muwakhidah, Purwani E. Peningkatan Ketrampilan Pengelola Kantin Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Makanan Jajanan Sehat Di SD Tiyaran 1 Dan 3 Sukoharjo. In: The 7th University Research Colloqium. Program Studi Gizi Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan UMS; 2018.
5. WHO. Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity: Implementation Plan: Executive Summary. World Health Organi-zation; 2016. [Diakses 13 April 2020].
6. Tee ES, Nurliyana AR, Karim NA, et al. Breakfast Consumption Among Malaysian Primary and Secondary School Children and Relationship With Body Weight Status- Findings from the Mybreakfast Study. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2018;27(2):421-432.
7. Kemenkes RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2010.
8. Yurni AF, Sinaga T. Praktik Membawa Bekal Menu Seimbang Anak Sekolah. Media Gizi Indonesia. 2017;11(2):183-190.
9. De VN, Riley N, Miller A, et al. Nutrition Education in the Australian New South Wales Primary School Curriculum: An Exploration of Time Allocation, Translation and Attitudes in a Sample of Teachers. Health Promotion Journal of Australia. 2019:30(1):94-101.
10. Notoatmodjo, S. Kesehatan Masyarakat: Ilmu & Seni. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. 2011.
11. Xu X, Chen C, Abdullah A S, et al. Smoking Related Attitudes, Motives, and Behaviors of Male Secondary School Students in an Urban Setting of China. Springerplus. 2016;5(1):1-9.
12. Cannoosamy K , Pem D, Bhagwant S, et al. A Nutrition Education Intervention Associa-ted with a Higher Intake of Fruit and Vege-tables and Improved Nutritional Know-ledge among Housewives in Mauritius?. Nutrients. 2016:8(12).
13. Contento, I. Nutrition Education: Linking Theory, Research and Practice, 2nd ed. Sudbury; Jones and Bartlett: 2010.
14. Kivrak AO, Alitin M. Nutrition Knowledge and Attitude Change of Students Studying in State and Private Secondary Schools. Journal of Education and Training Studies. 2018;6(6):63.
15. Tavassoli E, Vardanjani A, Reisi M, et al. The Effect of Nutrition Education on Knowledge, Attitude, and Performance about Junk Food Consumption among Students of Female Primary Schools. Journal of Education and Health Promotion. 2016;4(1):53.
16. Yip C, Gates M, Gates A, et al. Peer-Led Nutrition Education Programs For School-Aged Youth: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Health Education Research. 2016;31(1):82-97.
17. Shen M, Hu M, Sun Z. Assessment of School-Based QuasiExperimental Nutrition and Food Safety Health Education for Primary School Students in Two Poverty-Stricken Counties of West China. PLoS One. 2015;10(12):1-16.
18. de VN, van Rossum J, Riley N. Nutrition Education in the Australian New South Wales Primary School Curriculum: Knowledge and Attitudes of Students and Parents. Children (Basel). 2020;7(4):24.
19. Kupolati MD, Gericke GJ, Macintrye UE. Nutrition Education Practices of Primary School Teachers in a Resource-Constrained Community in Gauteng, South Africa. Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 2016;55(3):279‐291.
20. Shilunga APK, Amukugo HJ, Mitonga KH. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Primary Schools Learners on Sanitation and Hygiene Practices. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health. 2018;5(8):3197-3204.
21. Kigaru, Dorcus DMD, Loechl C, Moleah T, et. al. Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Urban Primary School Children in Nairobi City, Kenya: A KAP Study. BMC Nutrition. 2015;1(44).
22. Afina Siti, Retnaningsih. The Influence of Students’ Knowledge and Attitude toward Functional Foods Consumption Behavior. Journal of Consumer Sciences. 2018;3(1):1-14.
23. Hu P, Wenjie H, Ruixie B, et al. Knowledge, Attitude, and Behaviors Related to Eating Out Among University Students in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2016;13(7):696.
24. Ogunsile SE, Ogundele B, Olewasegun. Effect of Game-Enhanced Nutrition Educa-tion on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Healthy Eating among Adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. International Journal of Health Promotion and Education. 2016:54(5):207-216.
25. Romanos-Nanclares A, Zazpe I, Santiago S. Influence of Parental Healthy-Eating Attitudes and Nutritional Knowledge on Nutritional Adequacy and Diet Quality among Preschoolers: The SENDO Project. Nutrients. 2018;10(12):1875.
26. Metos JM, Sarnoff K, Jordan KC. Teachers' Perceived and Desired Roles in Nutrition Education. Journal of School Health. 2019:89(1):68-76.
Authors
Hafizhah, D. F., Syafiq, A., & Fikawati, S. (2020). Perubahan Sikap pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Indonesia Tahun 2014-2018 (Gerakan Nusantara). Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 16(2), 225-238. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v16i2.9158
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