Efektivitas Dual-Task Training Motorik-Kognitif dalam Menurunkan Risiko Jatuh pada Lansia
Abstract
The aging process causes a setback of various aspects of the body both physically, mentally andpsychologically which indirectly threatens the independence of the elderly and makes them vulnerable to fall.Exercise is generally useful in increasing muscle strength and improving balance and gait in order to reduce therisk of falls. The dual-task motor-cognitive exercise amalgamates physical and cognitive training together andinduces synergistic effects when combined in one intervention. This study aimed to determine the effect of dual-tasktraining on the risk of falls in the elderly. The method used was pre-experimental with one group pre-test post-testdesign with a duration of treatment for 4 weeks with a frequency of 3 times a week. Before and after treatment,respondents measured the level of balance and risk of falling using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed-Upand Go tests (TUGT), and Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool. The results showed an increase in the balance of theelderly after giving 12 exercises based on BBS (p <0.001) and TUGT (p=0.079). The risk of falls seems to declineafter 12 treatments (p <0.001). The highest reduction in risk of falls occurred after the first 6 treatments (p=0.011).It can be concluded that dual-task motoric-cognitive training is significantly influential in reducing the falling riskin the elderly.
References
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4. Jamebozorgi AA, Kavoosi A, Shafiee Z, Kahlaee AH, Raei M. Investigation of the Prevalent Fall-Related Risk Factors of Fractures in Elderly Referred to Tehran Hospitals. Medical Journal of the Islam Republic Iran.2013;27(1):23–30.
5. Park H, Kim KJ, Komatsu T, Park SK, Mutoh Y. Effect of Combined Exercise Training on Bone, Body Balance, and Gait Ability: a Randomized Controlled Study in Community-Dwelling Elderly Women. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. 2008;26(3):254–259.
6. Targino VR, Freire A do NF, Sousa ACP de A, Maciel NFB, Guerra RO. Effects of a Dual-Task Training on Dynamic and Static Balance Control of Pre-Frail Elderly: a Pilot Study. Fisioterapia em Movimento. 2012;25(2):351–360.
7. Kim GY, Han MR, Lee HG. Effect of Dual-Task Rehabilitative Training on Cognitive and Motor Function of Stroke Patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2014;26(1):1–6.
8. Khan K, Ghous M, Malik AN, Amjad MI, Tariq I. Effects of Turning and Cognitive Training in Fall Prevention with Dual Task Training in Elderly with Balance Impairment.Rawal Medical Journal. 2018;43(1):124–128.
9. Shin S-S, An D-H. The Effect of Motor Dual-Task Balance Training on Balance and Gait of Elderly Women. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2014;26(3):359–361.
10. Sipilä S, Tirkkonen A, Hänninen T, Laukkanen P, Alen M, Fielding RA, et al. Promoting Safe Walking Among Older People: The Effects of a Physical and Cognitive Training Intervention vs Physical Training Alone on Mobility and Falls Among Older Community-Dwelling Men and Women (the PASSWORD Study): Design and Methods of a Randomize. BMC Geriatrics. 2018;18(1):1–12.
11. Wollesen B, Schulz S, Seydell L, Delbaere K. Does Dual Task Training Improve Walking Performance of Older Adults With Concern of Falling?. BMC Geriatrics. 2017;17(1):1–9.
12. Friz N, Cheek F., Nichols-Larsen D. Motor-Cognitive Dual-Task Training in Persons with Neurologic Disorders: a Systematic Review. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy. 2015;39(3):142–153.
13. Jin J. Prevention of Falls in Older Adults. JAMA. 2018;319(16):1734.
14. Tait JL, Duckham RL, Milte CM, Main LC, Daly RM. Influence of Sequential vs. Simultaneous Dual-task Exercise Training on Cognitive Function in Older Adults. Frontiers Aging Neuroscience. 2017;9.
15. Delbroek T, Vermeylen W, Spildooren J. The Effect of Cognitive-Motor Dual Task Training with the Biorescue Force Platform on Cognition, Balance and Dual Task Performance in Institutionalized Older Adults: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2017;29(7):1137–1143.
16. Hiyamizu M, Morioka S, Shomoto K, Shimada T. Effects of Dual Task Balance Training on Dual Task Performance in Elderly People: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2011;26(1):58–67.
17. Herold F, Hamacher D, Schega L, Müller NG. Thinking While Moving or Moving While Thinking-Concepts of Motor-Cognitive Training for Cognitive Performance Enhancement. Frontiers Aging Neuroscience. 2018;10:1–11.
18. Fritz N, Cheek F, Nichols-Larsen DS. Motor-Cognitive Dual-Task Training in Persons with Neurologic Disorders: a Systematic Review. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy. 2015;39(3):142-153.
19. Aras D, Arsyad A, Hasbiah N. Hubungan Antara Fleksibilitas dan Kekuatan Otot Lengan dengan Kecepatan. MKMI. 2017;13(4):380–385.
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2. Kemenkes RI. Pelayanan dan Peningkatan Kesehatan Usia Lanjut. Pusat Komunikasi Publik Sekretariat Jenderal Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2015. Avalable at: Available at: http://www.depkes.go.id/article/
view/15052700010/pelayanan-dan-peningkatan-kesehatan-usia-lanjut.html
3. Studer M. Making Balance Automatic Again: Using Dual Tasking as an Intervention in Balance Rehabilitation for Older Adults. SM Gerontology Geriatric Research. 2018;2(1):1015.
4. Jamebozorgi AA, Kavoosi A, Shafiee Z, Kahlaee AH, Raei M. Investigation of the Prevalent Fall-Related Risk Factors of Fractures in Elderly Referred to Tehran Hospitals. Medical Journal of the Islam Republic Iran.2013;27(1):23–30.
5. Park H, Kim KJ, Komatsu T, Park SK, Mutoh Y. Effect of Combined Exercise Training on Bone, Body Balance, and Gait Ability: a Randomized Controlled Study in Community-Dwelling Elderly Women. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. 2008;26(3):254–259.
6. Targino VR, Freire A do NF, Sousa ACP de A, Maciel NFB, Guerra RO. Effects of a Dual-Task Training on Dynamic and Static Balance Control of Pre-Frail Elderly: a Pilot Study. Fisioterapia em Movimento. 2012;25(2):351–360.
7. Kim GY, Han MR, Lee HG. Effect of Dual-Task Rehabilitative Training on Cognitive and Motor Function of Stroke Patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2014;26(1):1–6.
8. Khan K, Ghous M, Malik AN, Amjad MI, Tariq I. Effects of Turning and Cognitive Training in Fall Prevention with Dual Task Training in Elderly with Balance Impairment.Rawal Medical Journal. 2018;43(1):124–128.
9. Shin S-S, An D-H. The Effect of Motor Dual-Task Balance Training on Balance and Gait of Elderly Women. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2014;26(3):359–361.
10. Sipilä S, Tirkkonen A, Hänninen T, Laukkanen P, Alen M, Fielding RA, et al. Promoting Safe Walking Among Older People: The Effects of a Physical and Cognitive Training Intervention vs Physical Training Alone on Mobility and Falls Among Older Community-Dwelling Men and Women (the PASSWORD Study): Design and Methods of a Randomize. BMC Geriatrics. 2018;18(1):1–12.
11. Wollesen B, Schulz S, Seydell L, Delbaere K. Does Dual Task Training Improve Walking Performance of Older Adults With Concern of Falling?. BMC Geriatrics. 2017;17(1):1–9.
12. Friz N, Cheek F., Nichols-Larsen D. Motor-Cognitive Dual-Task Training in Persons with Neurologic Disorders: a Systematic Review. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy. 2015;39(3):142–153.
13. Jin J. Prevention of Falls in Older Adults. JAMA. 2018;319(16):1734.
14. Tait JL, Duckham RL, Milte CM, Main LC, Daly RM. Influence of Sequential vs. Simultaneous Dual-task Exercise Training on Cognitive Function in Older Adults. Frontiers Aging Neuroscience. 2017;9.
15. Delbroek T, Vermeylen W, Spildooren J. The Effect of Cognitive-Motor Dual Task Training with the Biorescue Force Platform on Cognition, Balance and Dual Task Performance in Institutionalized Older Adults: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2017;29(7):1137–1143.
16. Hiyamizu M, Morioka S, Shomoto K, Shimada T. Effects of Dual Task Balance Training on Dual Task Performance in Elderly People: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2011;26(1):58–67.
17. Herold F, Hamacher D, Schega L, Müller NG. Thinking While Moving or Moving While Thinking-Concepts of Motor-Cognitive Training for Cognitive Performance Enhancement. Frontiers Aging Neuroscience. 2018;10:1–11.
18. Fritz N, Cheek F, Nichols-Larsen DS. Motor-Cognitive Dual-Task Training in Persons with Neurologic Disorders: a Systematic Review. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy. 2015;39(3):142-153.
19. Aras D, Arsyad A, Hasbiah N. Hubungan Antara Fleksibilitas dan Kekuatan Otot Lengan dengan Kecepatan. MKMI. 2017;13(4):380–385.
Authors
Purnamasari, N. (2019). Efektivitas Dual-Task Training Motorik-Kognitif dalam Menurunkan Risiko Jatuh pada Lansia. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 15(3), 284-291. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v15i3.7019
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