Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah pada Siswa SMP sebagai Implementasi Pedoman Gizi Seimbang
Abstract
Indonesia is faced with two nutritional problems, namely malnutrition and over nutrition while nutritionalproblems in adolescents tend to be more dominant for being overweight, this can be seen from the prevalenceof adolescent obesity in Cianjur district is 10.6%. Therefore consumption of vegetables and fruits is highlyrecommended to reduce the prevalence of overweight especially in adolescents. The government through theIndonesian Indonesian Balanced-Nutrition Guidelines (PGS) recommends consumption of vegetables and fruitsof 400 g per person per day consisting of 250 g of vegetables and 150 g of fruit. The purpose of this study wasto identify the availability of vegetables and fruits at home, the contribution of vegetables and fruit to vitamin,mineral and fiber intake and the relationship between the nutritional practices of students and mothers as parentsrelated to Indonesian Balanced-Nutrition Guidelines with the consumption of vegetables and fruit. This study wasa cross-sectional study funded by the Neys-van Hoogstraten Foundation, the Netherlands and conducted at SMPN1 Cianjur with a total of 72 students. Data were analyzed using Mann Whitney difference test and Rank Spearmanrelationship test. This research was funded by Neys-van Hoogstraten Foundation, the Netherlands. The amountof fruit and vegetable consumption of students has not been in accordance with Indonesian Balanced-NutritionGuidelines recommendations. The average of vegetable consumption of students was 36.9 ± 34.8 grams per day,while the average of fruit consumption of student was 203.2 ± 112.9 grams per day. There was a significantrelationship (p <0.05) between maternal nutritional practices and nutritional practices of students related to PGSwith consumption of vegetables and fruit of students. This study shows that the consumption of vegetables andfruit in students has not been implemented in accordance with the recommendations of PGS therefore it’s need tomake encouragement to parents which can motivate and familiarize students to consume vegetables and fruit athome
References
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27. Freisling H, Haas K, Elmadfa I. Mass Media Nutrition Information Sources and Association Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Adolescents. Public Health Nutrition. 2009;13(2):269-275.
2. Nurhayati A. Status Gizi, Kebiasaan Makan dan Gangguan Makan (Eating Disorder) pada Remaja di Sekolah Favorit dan Non-Favorit. Media Gizi dan Keluarga. 2010;6(3):124-126.
3. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan Nasional Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas). Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan; 2013.
4. [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. Cianjur Dalam Angka Tahun 2017. Kabupaten Cianjur:BPS Balitbangkes. 2014. Survey Konsumsi Makanan Individu:Studi Diet Total (SDT) 2014. Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2017.
5. Silva FM, Smith-Menezes A, Duarte M. Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables Associated with Other Risk Behaviors among Adolescents In Northeast Brazil. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2016;34(3):309–324.
6. Contento. Fruit and Vegetable Enables Adolescent Consumption that Exceeds National Average. Nutritional Research. 2010;3(3):369-402.
7. Mittmann S, Austel A, Ellrot T. Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Primary School Children. Ernahrungs Umschau. 2014;61(8):124–129.
8. Mohammad A & Madanijah S. Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar di Bogor. Jurnal Gizi Pangan. 2015;10(1):71-76.
9. Sophia A & Madanijah S. Pola Asuh Makan Ibu serta Preferensi dan Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah Anak Usia Sekolah di Bogor. Jurnal Gizi Pangan. 2014;9(3):151-158.
10. Mawaddah N, Hardinsyah. Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Praktik Gizi serta Tingkat Konsumsi Ibu Hamil di Kelurahan Kramat Jati dan
Kelurahan Ragunan Propinsi DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Pangan dan Gizi. 2008;3(1):30-42.
11. Khomsan A, Faishal A, Mudjajanto Eddy S. Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Praktek Gizi Ibu Peserta Posyandu (Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Of Posyandu Participants). Jurnal Gizi Pangan. 2009;4(1):33-41.
12. Bonke J. Do Danish Children and Young People Receive Pocket Money?. Copenhagen (DK): Rockwool; 2013.
13. Bahria dan Triyanti. Faktor-Faktor yang terkait dengan Konsumsi Buah dan Sayur pada Remaja di 4 SMA Jakarta Barat. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2010;4(2):63-71.
14. Estetika. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Frekuensi Konsumsi Fast Food pada Mahasiswa. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia. 2017; 14(2):135-144.
15. Watts DE, Least C, Gromis J, Lohse B. Nutrition Education Intervention Improves Vegetable-Related Attitude, Self-Efficacy, Preference, and Knowledge of Fourth-Grade Students. Journal of School Health. 2016;82(1):37-43.
16. Nago, E. S. Food Safety is a Key Determinant of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Urban Beninese Adolescents. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012;44(6):548-555.
17. Svastisalee, C., Holstein, B. & Due, P. Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Adolescents: Association with Socioeconomic Status and Exposure to Supermarkets and Fast Food Outlet. J Nutr Metab. 2012;1-9.
18. Farisa. Hubungan Sikap, Pengetahuan, Ketersediaan dan Keterpaparan Media Massa dengan Konsumsi Buah dan Sayur Pada Siswa SMPN 8 Depok Tahun 2012 [Skripsi]. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia; 2012.
19. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Pedoman Gizi Seimbang: Pedoman Teknis Bagi Petugas Dalam Memberikan Penyuluhan Gizi Seimbang. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2014.
20. Kusumaningrum Maria D, Indrawani Yvonne M. Perbedaan Proporsi Ketersediaan Sayur dan Buah di Rumah dan Faktor Lainnya terhadap Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah Siswa SDN Jatirahayu VIII Bekasi Tahun 2014 [Skripsi]. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia; 2014.
21. Anggraeni Nur A, Sudiarti T. Faktor Dominan Konsumsi Sayur dan buah pada Remaja di SMPN 98 Jakarta. Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition. 2018:5(1):18-32.
22. Hermina, Prihatini S. Gambaran Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah Penduduk Indonesia dalam Konteks Gizi Seimbang: Analisis Lanjut Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI) 2014. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan. 2016;44(3):205–218.
23. Dave JM, Evans AE, Pfeiffer KA, Watkins KW, Saunders RP. Correlates of Availability and Accessibility of Fruits and Vegetables in Homes of Low-Income Hispanic Families. Health Educ Res. 2010;25(1):97–108.
24. Vuholm S, Lorenzen JK, Kristensen M. Relative Validity and Reproducibility of a Food Frequency Questionnaire to Assess Dietary Fiber Intake in Danish Adults. Food & Nutrition Research. 2014;58(24723):1-7.
25. Fibrihirzani H. Hubungan Antara Karakteristik Individu, Orang Tua dan Lingkungan dengan Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah pada Siswa SDN Beji 5 dan 7 Depok tahun 2012 [Skripsi]. Depok (ID): Universitas Indonesia; 2012.
26. Permatasari. Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Praktik Gizi Ibu dengan Konsumsi Pangan Sumber Yodium dan Penggunaan Jenis Garam Rumah Tangga di Wilayah Pegunungan Kabupaten Cianjur [Tesis]. Bogor (ID):Institut Pertanian Bogor; 2013.
27. Freisling H, Haas K, Elmadfa I. Mass Media Nutrition Information Sources and Association Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Adolescents. Public Health Nutrition. 2009;13(2):269-275.
Authors
Muthmainah, F. N., Khomsan, A., Riyadi, H., & Prasetya, G. (2019). Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah pada Siswa SMP sebagai Implementasi Pedoman Gizi Seimbang. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 15(2), 178-187. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v15i2.6222
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