Komitmen Politik dan Peluang Pengembangan Kebijakan Gizi Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur
Abstract
East Nusa Tenggara is one of the regions in Indonesia with highest prevalence of malnutrition. Manystudies had identified that political commitment is one of important reason for the low priority of malnutritioninterventions and knowing the policy windows of opportunity could help to advance a new issue and solution. Thisstudy aims to assess political commitment and opportunities to advance nutrition policy reform. This research isa descriptive using primary and secondary data. Primary data collected using PCOM-RAT questionnaire, a rapidassessment tool for identifying political commitment and policy windows of opportunity. The informants were fromNTT Health Office, NTT Development Planning Agency, health academics, and NTT representative of UNICEFwho involved in nutrition policy planning from government and non-government. Data were analyzed descriptivelytoward the result scoring. Results showed that political leaders had verbally and symbolically committedto addressing nutrition problem, but lack of budgetary alocation. Media identified for being incomprehension inreporting nutrition problem without any credible indicators and a well thought-out policy alternative were presentbut still had no feasibility to be implemented.
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Mustapa, Y., Sirajuddin, S., & Salam, A. Analisis faktor determinan kejadian masalah gizi pada anak balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tilote Kecamatan Tilango Kabupaten Gorontalo tahun 2013. Jurnal Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2013; 1-13.
Aoun, N., Matsuda, H., & Sekiyama, M. Geographical accessibility to healthcare and malnutrition in Rwanda. Social science & medicine. 2015; 130(1): 35-45. Doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.02.004.
Sukoco, N.E.W., Pambudi, J., & Herawari, M.H. Relationship between nutritional status of children under five with parents who work. Buletin penelitian kesehatan. 2015; 18(4): 387-397. Doi: 10.22435/hsr.v18i4.4572.387-397.
Owoaje, E., Onifade, O., & Desmennu, A. Family and socioeconomic risk factors for undernutrition among children aged 6 to 23 Months in Ibadan, Nigeria. Pan African Medical Journal. 2014; 17(161): 1-7 doi:10.11604/pamj.2014.17.161.2389.
Blossner, M. & De Onis, M. Malnutrition: Quantifying the Tealth Impact at National and Local Levels. Enviromental Burden of Disease Series No. 12. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005.
Acosta, A.M. & Haddad, L. The politics of succes in the fight against malnutrition in Peru. Food policy. 2014; 44 (2014): 26-35. Doi: 10.1016/j.foofpol.2013.10.009.
Heaver, R. Strengthening Country Commitment to Human Development: Lessons from Nutrition Directions in Development Series. Washington DC: The World Bank; 2005.
Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN). 2010. Scaling Up Nutrition: a Framework for Action. Washington, DC: United Nations Standing Committee on Nutrition (UNSCN).
Gillespie, S., Haddad, L., Mannar, V., Menon, P., & Nisbett, N. The politics of reducing malnutrition: Building commitmentand accelerating progress. The lancet. 2013. 382(9891):552-69. Doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60842-9.
Hoey, L. & Pelletier, D.L. Bolivia’s multisectoral zero malnutrition program: Insights on commitment, collaboration, and capacities. Food and nutrition bulletin. 2011; 32(2): 70-81. doi: 10.1177/15648265110322S204.
Fox, A.M., Balarajan, Y., Cheng, C., & Reich, M.R.. Measuring political commitment and opportunities to advance food and nutrition security: Piloting a rapid assessment tool. Health policy and planning. 2014; 30 (5):566-578. Doi: 10.1093/heapol/czu035.
Syuryadi, N. Pengembangan metode evaluasi komitmen pemerintah daerah provinsi dalam pembangunan ketahanan pangan dan gizi [tesis]. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor; 2018.
Baker, P., Hawkes, C., Wingrove, K., Demaio, A.R., Parkhurst, J., Thow, A.M., et al. What drives political commitment for nutrition? A review and framework synthesis to inform the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition. BMJ Glob Health. 2018; 3(1): e000485. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000485.
Meija-Costa, A. & Fanzo, J. Fighting maternal and child malnutrition: analysing the political and institutional determinants of delivering a national multisectoral response in six countries. Brighton (GB): Institute of Development Studies; 2012.
Levinson, D.J. Parchment and politics: the positive puzzle of constitutional commitment. Harvard Law Review. 2011; 124 (3): 657-746.
Hidayat, T.W. Analisis Berita Kesehatan di Media Massa terhadap Pelayanan Publik. Jurnal Simbolika. 2015; 1(2):137-153.
Haddad, L. Nutrition and Poverty- In Nutrition: A Foundation for Development. Geneva: ACC/SCN; 2002.
Aguayo, V.M., Scott, S., & Ross, J. Sierra Leone--investing in nutrition to reduce poverty: a call for action. Public Health Nutrion. 2003; 6(7):653-7.
Bagriansky, J. The Economic Consequences of Malnutrition in Albania. Albania: Media Press; 2010 [disitasi 24 Agustus 2018]. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/albania/Cost_benefit_of_nutrition_.pdf.
Lapping, K., Frongillo, E.A., Studdert, L.J., Menon, P., Coates, J., & Webb, P. Prospective analysis of the development of the national nutrition agenda in Vietnam from 2006 to 2008. Health Policy and Planning. 2012; 27(1):32–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czr013.
Craig, R.L., Felix, H.C., Walker, J.F., & Phillips, M.M. Public Health Professionals as Policy Entrepreneurs: Arkansas’s Childhood Obesity Policy Experience. American Journal of Public Health. 2010; 100(10) : 2047-2052.
Authors
Boli, E. B., Baliwati, Y. F., & Sukandar, D. (2018). Komitmen Politik dan Peluang Pengembangan Kebijakan Gizi Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 14(4), 351-359. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v14i4.5104
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