Evaluasi Pengetahuan dan Persepsi Obat Batuk Swamedikasi oleh Perokok
Abstract
Coughing is one of the most common symptoms in smokers. Smokers who experience a lot of cough arecaused by exposure to cigarette smoke that enters the respiratory tract. The purpose of this study was to determinehow smokers perceive symptoms of cough, use of cough medicine, and self-medication services performed by pharmacists.This study began in March to July 2016. This study used the mixed method method that uses sequentialexplanatory research design. The research sample involved amounted to 100 people, and 12 studies conductedfor interviews were conducted to obtain supporting data. The sample were active smokers aged 18-40 years withmale and female sex who had experienced coughing and had used cough medicine. The results obtained are thetype of cough experienced by smokers is cough with phlegm and cough is not phlegm depending on the categoryof smokers. The use of cough medicine is one of the most common ways for active smokers to reduce the incidenceof coughing. However, there are still many smokers who are wrong in choosing and using cough medicine becausethe knowledge that active smokers have for coughing is still inadequate.
References
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2. Chung, K.F., Pavord, I.D. Prevalence, Pathogenesis, And Causes Of Chronic Cough. Lancet. 2008;371(9621):1364-1374.
3. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.2018. [Diakses 20 Agustus 2018]. Available at: https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/GOLD-2018-v6.0-FINAL-revised-20-Nov_WMS.pdf.
4. Infodatin (Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI). Perilaku Merokok Masyarakat Indonesia. Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2015.
5. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kemeterian Kesehatan RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar: Riskesdas 2013.2013. [Diakses 20 Agustus 2018]. Available at: http://www.depkes.go.id/resources/download/general/Hasil%20Riskesdas%202013.pdf.
6. World Health Organization. Global Helath Observatory (GHO) Data: Prevalence of Tobacco Smoking. 2015. [Diakses 20 Agustus 2018]. Available at: http://www.who.int/gho/tobacco/use/en/.
7. Benjamin. R.M. Exposure to Tobacco Smoke Causes Immediate Damage: A Report of the Surgeon General. Public Health Rep. 2011;126(2):158-159.
8. Talhout, R., Schulz, T., Florek, E., Benthem, J.V., Wester, P., Opperhuizen, A. Hazardous Compounds in Tobacco Smoke. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011;8(2):613-628.
9. Kloosterboer, S.M., McGuire, T., Deckx, L., Moses, G., Verheij, T., Van Driel, M.L. Self-Medication for Cough and the Common Cold: Information Needs of Consumers. Aust Fam Physician. 2015;44(7):497-501.
10. Chung,K.F., Widdicombe, J.G., Boushey, H.A. Cough: Cause, Mechanisms anda Therapy. UK: Blackwell Publishing. 2003.
11. Marshall, S. Over The Counter Advice for Cough. The Pharmaceutical Journal. 2007;278:85.
12. Smith, S.M., Schroeder, K., Fahey, T. Overthe ounter (OTC) Medications for Acute Cough in Children and Adults in Ambulatory Settings. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012;8:CD001831.
13. Liu, Y., Di, Y.P. Effects of Second Hand Smoke on Airway Secretion and Mucociliary Clearance. Front Physiol. 2012;3:342.
14. Ramsay, J., Wright, C., Thompson, R., Hull, D., Morice, A.H. Assessment of Antitussive Efficacy of Dextromethorphan in Smoking Related Cough: Objective vs. Subjective Measures. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2008;65(5):737-41.
15. Zhang, T., Zhou, X. Clinical Application of Expectorant Therapy in Chronic Inflammatory Airway Diseases (Review). Exp Ther Med. 2014;7(4):763-767.
16. Atmoko, W., Kurniawati, I. Swamedikasi: Sebuah Respon Realistik Perilaku Konsumen Dimasa Krisis. Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan.2009;2(3):233-247.
17. Harahap, N.A., Khairunnisa, Tanuwijaya, J. Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien dan Rasionalitas Swamedikasi di Tiga Apotek Kota Panyabungan. Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis. 2017;3(2):186-192.
18. Direktorat Bina Farmasi Komunitas dan Klinik Ditjen Bina Kefarmasian dan Alat Kesehatan Departemen Kesehatan. Pedoman Penggunaan Obat Bebas dan Bebas Terbatas. Jakarta. 2007.
19. Supardi, S., Sampurnom O.D., Notosiswoyom M. Pengaruh Metode Ceramah dan Media Leaflet terhadap Perilaku Pengobatan Sendiri yang Sesuai dengan Aturan. Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan. 2002;30(3):128-138.
20. Panda, A., Pradhan, S., Mohapatro, G., Kshatri, J.S. Predictors of Over the Counter Medication:A Cross Sectional Indian study. Perspectives in Clinical Research. 2017;8(2):79-84.
21. Mahesh, P.A., Jayaraj, B.S., Prabhakar, A.K., Chaya, S.K., Vijayasimha, R. Prevalence of Chronic Cough, Chronic Phlegm and Associated Factors in Mysore, Karnataka, India. Indian J Med Res. 2011;134(1):91-100.
22. Sitkauskiene, B., Dicpinigaitis, P.V. Effect of Smoking on Cough Reflex Sensitivity in Humans. Lung. 2010;188(1):S29-32.
23. Montefort, S., Ellui, P., Montefort, M., Caruana, S., Grech, V., Muscat, A.H. The Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Allergic Conditions in Maltese Children (ISAAC). Pediatric Allergy Immunology. 2012;23:472-478.
24. Nururrahmah. Pengaruh Rokok terhadap Kesehatan dan Pembentukan Karakter Manusia. Prosiding Seminar nasional. 2014;1(1):77-84.
25. Dicpinigaitis, P.V., Morice, A.H., Brinring, S.S., McGarvey, L., Smith, J.A., Canning, B.J., Page, C.P. Antitussive Drugs Past, Present, and Future. Pharmacological Reviews. 2014;66(2):468-512.
26. Monte, A.A., Chung, R., Bodmer, M. Dextromethorphan, Chlorphenamine and Serotonin Toxicity: Case Report and Systematic Literature Review. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010;70(6):794-798.
Authors
Lorensia, A., Yudiarso, A., & Arrahmah, R. (2018). Evaluasi Pengetahuan dan Persepsi Obat Batuk Swamedikasi oleh Perokok. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 14(4), 395-405. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v14i4.5065
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