School Based Intervention sebagai Upaya Perbaikan Konsumsi Buah dan Sayur Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Abstract
School age children are susceptible to experiencing nutritional problems, one of which is due to environmentalfactors, especially the physical environment which provides broad, affordable food, higher energy densityand lack of consumption of fruits and vegetables. The efforts to improve the habit of eating fruits and vegetables inschool children is the existence of school based intervention. This study aim to analyze the effect of school basedintervention program to increase of fruit and vegetable consumption of elementary school students. The studytook place from February to May 2017 in Nganjuk, East Java. This study used experimental design with pre-postintervention with the number of subjects is 50 students (10-13 years) given three types of interventions is schoolgardening, cooking class, and giving of fruit and vegetables in school. The results showed that the presence ofthese three interventions can increased fruit consumption 130 g/day and vegetable 100 g/day and the availabilityof fruit and vegetables at home increased 81 g/week and 182 g/week. The results from recall SQ-FFQ 2x24 hoursshowed the average consumption of energy density decreased from 1420 kcal to 1241 kcal. Based on these results,school based intervention can be used as a strategy to increase fruit and vegetable consumption and availabilityfruit and vegetable at home
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2. WHO/FAO. Report of a joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultastion: Diet, Nutrition, and the Prevention of Chronic Disease. Geneva: WHO; 2003.
3. Lock K, Pomerleau J, Causer L, et al. The Global of Disease Attributable to Low Consumption of Fruit and Vegetables: Implications for the Global Strategy on diet. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2005;83(2).
4. Kemenkes RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2013.
5. Kemenkes RI. Konsumsi Makanan Individu. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2014.
6. National Gardening Association. 2014. [Diakses pada tanggal 20 Januari 2017]. Available at: http://garden.org.
7. Parmer MS, Glennon SJ, Shannon D, et al. School Gardens: An Experential Learning Approach for a Nutrition Education program to increase Fruit and Vegetable Knowledge, Preference, and Consumption Among Second-grade Students. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. 2009;41(3):212-17.
8. Ratcliffe MM, Kathleen MA, Batrice RL, et al. The Effects of School Gardem Experiences on Middle School-Aged Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Associated with Vegetable Consumption. Health Promotion Practice. 2011;12(1):36-43.
9. Bergman D & Barry C. “This is Way than Cheetos!”: Changing Children’s Eating Behavior Through Garden and Kitchen-Based Nutrition Education. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. 2016;48(7):9-14.
10. Nyaraswati, R. Pemanfaatan Kebun Sekolah dalam Pembelajaran Biologi terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII Semester I SMP N 1 Tunjungan Kabupaten Blora [Skripsi]. Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta; 2010.
11. Kariada KI. Desain dan Pengenalan Kebun Sekolah pada Siswa Sebagai Sumber Pangan. Bali: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian; 2011.
12. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian. “School Garden” Ajarkan Anak Cinta Makan Sayur. Agroinovasi. 2013; Edisi 17-23 April : 3503.
13. Ar D, Jacobs LC, Sorensen C, et al. Intro duction to Research in Education 8th edition. SA (US): Wadsworth Cengage Learning; 2009.
14. Hermann JR, Parker SP, Brown BJ, et al. After School Gardening Improves Children’s Reportes Vegetable Intake and Physical Activity.
Journal Nutrition Education Behavior. 2006; 412(38):201-204.
15. Wells MN, Myers MB, Henderson RC. School Gardens and Physical Activity: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Low Income Elementary Schools. Preventive Medicine. 2014; 69(5):27-33.
16. Brown J, Colson G, Serre BC, et al. Summer Garden Programs Improve Children’s Food Knowledge and Preferences: Evidence Using Stated and Revealed Preference Measures. Hort Technology. 2016;26(2):133-140.
17. Bourdeaudhuij D, Velde S, Brug J, et al. Personal, social and environmental predictors of daily fruit and vegetable intake in 11-year-old children in nine European countries. European Journal Clinical Nutrition. 2008;62:834841.
18. Mittmann S, Austel A, Ellrot T. Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption in primary school children. Ernahrungs Umschau. 2014;61(8):124–129.
19. Blanchette L & Brug J. Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumtion among 6-12 years old children and effective interventions to increase consumption. Journal of Human Nutrition
and Dietetics. 2005;18(5):431-443.
20. Rain KD. Determinants of Healthy Eating in Canada: an Overview and Synthesis. Canadian Public Health Association. 2005;96(3):8-14.
21. Saifah A. Hubungan peran keluarga, guru, teman sebaya dan media massa dengan perilaku gizi anak usia sekolah dasar di wilayah
kerja Puskesmas Mabelopura Kota Palu [Tesis]. Depok: Universitas Indonesia; 2011.
22. Power TG, Binder RC, Goetz S, et al. Obesity Prevention in Early Adolescence: Student, Parent and Teacher Views. Journal of School
Health. 2008;80(3)13-19.
23. Kemenkes RI. Pedoman Gizi Seimbang: Pedoman Teknis Bagi Petugas Dalam Memberikan Penyuluhan Gizi Seimbang. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2015.
24. Evans A, Ranjit N, Fair NC, et al. Previous Gardening Experience and Gardening Enjoyment is Related to Vegetable Preferences and Consumption Among Low-Income Elementary School Children. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. 2016;48(9):618-624.
25. Block K, Gibbs L, Staiger KP, et al Growing Community: The Impact of The Stephanie Alexander Kitchen Garden Program on the
Social and Learning Environtment in Primary Schools. Heatlh Education & Behavior. 2012;39(4):419-432.
26. Hazzard EL, Moreno E, Beall DL, et al. Best Practices Models for Implementing, Sustaining and Using Instructional School Gardens in
California. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. 2011;43(5):409-413.
Authors
Dampang, D. P., Kustiyah, L., & Dwiriani, C. M. (2018). School Based Intervention sebagai Upaya Perbaikan Konsumsi Buah dan Sayur Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 14(3), 260-267. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v14i3.4562
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