Penurunan Derajat Kesehatan Pedagang Akibat Pajanan Debu PM10 di Kawasan Pasar Siteba Kota Padang
Abstract
PM10 is a harmful dust that can cause various health problems, especially increased respiratory diseases.This study aims to determine the level of environmental health risk through the analysis of risk of PM10 exposureto traders in Siteba market area and risk management can be done. This research uses Environmental Health RiskAssessment (EHRA) method. The study was conducted from November 2016 to March 2017, with 45 respondents.The sampling technique is accidental sampling. Data analysis is univariate and EHRA. The average concentrationof PM in the three sampling sites was 150 μm/Nm3. The reference concentration value (RfC) of PM10 is 0.014mg/kg/day. The lifetime value of PM10 through inhalation at Kodam Intersection and Perumnas Intersection hasa value of RQ>1, indicating that the exposure is not safe for traders so it is necessary to control and based onPM10 exposure of realtime intake through inhalation in the three sampling sites indicates that exposure is safe ornot there is a risk to the trader with a RQ value <1. The results of the lifetime risk show that two sampling sitesof Kodam Intersection and Perumnas Intersection have risks with RQ>1, which shows that traders are at risk ofdeveloping respiratory problems in the next 30 years.
References
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2. Ahmad AA, Khoiron, Ellyke. Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan dengan Risk Agent Total Suspended Particulate di Kawasan Industri Kota Probolinggo. e-Jurnal Pustaka Kesehatan. 2014;2(2):346–52.
3. Lina Thabethe ND, Engelbrecht JC, Wright CY, Oosthuizen MA. Human Health Risks Posed by Exposure to PM10 for Four Life Stages in a Low Socio-Economic Community in South Africa. Pan Afr Med J. 2014;Jul 7;18:206. DOI : 10.11604/pamj.2014.18.206.3393.
4. Gusti A. Comparison of Risk Level of Exposure to PM10 on Students at Vegetated and Non Vegetated Elementary School in Padang City. International Journalof Applied Engineering Research. 2017;12(20):9434-9437.
5. Liu SK, Cai S, Chen Y, Xiao B, Chen P, Xiang XD. The Effect of Pollutional Haze on Pulmonary Function. J Thorac Diseases. 2016;8(1):E41–56.
6. WHO. Health Aspect of Air Polution with Particulate Matter, Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide. Germany : World Health Organization; 2003.
7. Kelly FJ, Fussell JC. Air Pollution and Public Health: Emerging Hazards and Improved Understanding of Risk. Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 2015;37(4):631-49
8. Wulandari A, D YH, Raharjo M. Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan Pajanan Particulate Matter (PM10) Pada Pedagang Kaki Lima Akibat Aktivitas Transportasi ( Studi Kasus : Jalan Kaligawe Kota Semarang ). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2016;4:677–91.
9. Azni IN, Wispriyono B, Sari M. Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Pajanan PM10 pada Pekerja Industri Readymix Pt. X Plant Kebon Nanas Jakarta Timur. Jurnal MKMI. 2015;10:203–9.
10. Xu L-Y, Yin H, Xie X-D. Health Risk Assessment of Inhalable Particulate Matter in Beijing Based on the Thermal Environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2014;11(12):12368–88.
11. Aisyiah K, Latra IN. Pemodelan Konsentrasi Partikel Debu (PM10) pada Pencemaran Udara di Kota Surabaya dengan Metode Geographically-Temporally Weighted Regression. J Sains Dan Seni Pomits. 2014;2(1):1–6.
12. An X, Hou Q, Li N, Zhai S. Assessment of Human Exposure Level to PM10 in China. Atmospheric Environment. 2013;70:376–86.
13. Bedah S, Latifah I. Risiko Pajanan Konsentrasi PM10 dan PM2,5 di Kecamatan Ciwandan, Cilegon Jawa Barat Tahun 2014. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan. 2017;9(1):93–102.
14. Kementerian Kesehatan. Pedoman Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan. Jakarta; 2012.
15. US.EPA. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) [Internet]. 2012. Available from: https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants/naaqs-table.
16. Rifa B, Hanani Y. Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan Pajanan Gas Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) pada Pemulung Akibat Timbulan Sampah di TPA Jatibarang Kota. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2016;4:692–701.
17. Suhananto Z. Perbandingan Tingkat Risiko Pajanan PM10 pada Jalan Raya Bervegetasi dan Tidak Bervegetasi terhadap Kesehatan Penduduk [Skripsi]. Depok : FKM Universitas Indonesia; 2013.
18. Zhang R. Organic Carbon and Elemental Carbon Associated with PM10 in Beijing During Spring Time. J Hazard Mater. 2009;172(2–2):970–7.
19. Ruslinda Y, Wiranata D. Analisis Kualitas Udara Ambien Kota Padang Akibat Pencemar PM10. Jurnal Teknik Lingkung Unand. 2014;21(2):19–28.
20. Karagulian F, Belis CA, Dora CFC, Prüss-Ustün AM, Bonjour S, Adair-Rohani H, et al. Contributions to Cities’ Ambient Particulate Matter (PM): A Systematic Review of Local Source Contributions at Global Level. Atmospheric Environment. 2015; 120 :475-483. DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.087.
21. Suryaman US, Rahman A. Wilayah Aman Bagi Pemukiman Dekat Tambang Batu Kapur: Suatu Pendekatan Manajemen Risiko. Jurnal Ekologi Kesehatan. 2011;10(4):256–66.
22. Nukman A, Rahman A, Warouw S, Setiadi MI, Akib CR. Risk Analysis and Health Management of Air Pollution: Case Study in Nine Major Solid Transportation Cities. Journal Health Ecology. 2005;4(2):270–89.
23. Laumbach R, Meng Q, Kipen H. What Can Individuals do to Reduce Personal Health Risks from Air Pollution? Journal of Thoracic Disease. 2015;7(1): 96–107.
Authors
Gusti, A., Arlesia, A., & Anshari, L. H. (2018). Penurunan Derajat Kesehatan Pedagang Akibat Pajanan Debu PM10 di Kawasan Pasar Siteba Kota Padang. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 14(3), 233-240. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v14i3.4260
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