Identification of Psychological Conditions and Feelings of Fatigue Among Employees at Makassar Air Traffic Service Center
Abstract
Air Traffic Control (ATC) remains an active field of work during the pandemic due to the demand from domestic and international travelers. It is crucial for controllers to prioritize both their mental health while on duty and their body's immunity against conditions that make them vulnerable to Covid-19. Therefore, this study aims to review psychological conditions, feelings of fatigue, and quality of life among ATC during the pandemic. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used and the participants were 89 ATC in Makassar Air Traffic Service Center. The data collected included the general characteristics of ATC, DASS-21, KAUPK2, and (WHOQOL)-BREF. Data were collected from February to March 2022, then analysis was carried out using SPSS and Excel software. The results indicated the presence of negative emotional conditions among ATC even outside of their normal traffic control duties. Approximately 24% of ATC reported feelings of fatigue, while the quality of life exhibited a wide distribution of data, ranging from moderate to low. Therefore, it was concluded that the health status of ATC, even with regulations limiting the amount of traffic related to the pandemic period, still needs special attention to maintain performance.
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http://airnavindonesia.co.id/airnav/tingkatkan/keselamatan (2021, accessed 15 September 2022).
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14. Saleh LM. Tingkat Risiko Psikologis Karyawan ATC di Salah Satu Cabang Air NAV Indonesia. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2018;14(4):345-350. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v14i4.5206
15. Prakoso PS, Nurfadhilah S, Rochmawati L. Pengaruh Beban Kerja Air Traffic Controller Terhadap Stres Kerja di Bandar Udara Internasional Juanda. Approach: Jurnal Teknologi Penerbangan. 2018;2(2):20–28. https://ejournal.poltekbangsby.ac.id/index.php/approach/article/view/85
16. Amanda Putri R, Tambunan W, Dianati Fathimahhayati L. Analisis Pengaruh Shift Kerja terhadap Beban Kerja Mental pada Operator Air Traffic Control (ATC) dengan Metode NASA-TLX (Studi Kasus: Bandar Udara Internasional X). Tekinfo: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri dan Informasi. 2018; 6(2):79–89. https://doi.org/10.31001/tekinfo.v6i2.394
17. Puspitasari MD, Kustanti ER, Controller AT. Hubungan Antara Persepsi Beban Kerja dengan Stress Kerja pada Air Traffic Controller di perum LPPNPI Airnav Indonesia Cabang Madya Surabaya. Jurnal Empati. 2018;7(1):113–119.
https://doi.org/10.14710/empati.2018.20167
18. Zhang X, Yuan L, Zhao M, et al. Effect of Fatigue and Stress on Air Traffic Control Performance. In: ICTIS 2019-5th International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety. 2019:977–983.
19. Feyisa HL. The World Economy at COVID-19 Quarantine: Contemporary Review. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences. 2020;8(2):63–74. 10.11648/j.ijefm.20200802.11
20. Liu A, Kim YR, O’Connell JF. COVID-19 and the Aviation Industry: The Interrelationship Between the Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Frequency of Flights on the EU Market. Annals of Tourism Research. 2021;91(103298):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2021.103298
21. Setiawati Y, Wahyuhadi J, Joestandari F, et al. Anxiety and Resilience of Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. 2021;14(8):1–8. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S276655
22. Chew NWS, Lee GKH, Tan BYQ, et al. A Multinational, Multicentre Study on the Psychological Outcomes and Associated Physical Symptoms Amongst Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Outbreak. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2020; 88:559–565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.049
23. Xing L, Xu M, Sun J, et al. Anxiety and Depression in Frontline Health Care Workers During the Outbreak of Covid-19. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 2020;67(6):656–663. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020968119
24. Indrawati L, Mubasyiroh R, Isfandari S. Factors Affecting Anxiety and Depression of Health Workers during the First Wave COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. In: 8th International Conference on Public Health 2021. Sebelas Maret University. 2021;358–369.
25. Gray P, Senabe S, Naicker N, et al. Workplace-Based Organizational Interventions Promoting Mental Health and Happiness Among Healthcare Workers: A Realist Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019;16(22):1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224396
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29. Philip R, Muskin, MD M. What are Anxiety Disorders? American Psychiatric Association https://psychiatry.org/patients-families/anxiety-disorders/what-are-anxiety-disorders (2021, accessed 3 July 2022).
30. WHO. Stress. World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/stress (2023, accessed 22 June 2023).
31. Hakamata Y, Mizukami S, Izawa S, et al. Implicit and Explicit Emotional Memory Recall In Anxiety and Depression: Role of Basolateral Amygdala and Cortisol-Norepinephrine Interaction. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2022;136(105598):1-10.
32. Roberts AG, Peckins MK, Gard AM, et al. Amygdala reactivity during socioemotional processing and cortisol reactivity to a psychosocial stressor. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 144: 105855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105598
33. Martin L, Oepen R, Bauer K, et al. Creative Arts Interventions for Stress Management and Prevention-A Systematic Review. Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland) 2018;8(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8020028
34. Mohapatra SS, Sarkar R, Ghosh DD. Assessment of Fatigue Among Aviation Personnel Involved in Military Flying in India Employing Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory – Short Form (MFSI-SF). Indian Journal Aerospace Medicine. 2020;64(2):68-75.
35. Prakoso PS, Siti Nurfadhilah, Rochmawati L. Pengaruh Beban Kerja Air Traffic Controller Terhadap Stress Kerja di Bandar Udara Internasional Juanda. Approach: Jurnal Teknologi Penerbangan. 2018;2(2):20–28. https://ejournal.poltekbangsby.ac.id/index.php/approach/article/view/85
36. Saleh LM. Tingkat Risiko Psikologis Karyawan ATC di Salah Satu Cabang Air NAV Indonesia. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2018;14(4):345–350. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v14i4.5206
37. Trapsilawati F, Herliansyah MK, Nugraheni ASANS, et al. EEG-Based Analysis of Air Traffic Conflict: Investigating Controllers’ Situation Awareness, Stress Level and Brain Activity during Conflict Resolution. The Journal of Navigation. 2020;73(3):678–696. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463319000882
38. Tareke SA, Lelisho ME, Hassen SS, et al. The Prevalence and Predictors of Depressive, Anxiety, and Stress Symptoms Among Tepi Town Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Ethiopia. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. 2023; 10:43–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-021-01195-1
39. Aly HM, Nemr NA, Kishk RM, et al. Stress, Anxiety and Depression Among Healthcare Workers Facing COVID-19 Pandemic in Egypt: a Cross-Sectional Online-Based Study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(4):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045281
40. Görlich Y, Stadelmann D. Mental Health of Flying Cabin Crews: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology. 2020; 11(581496): https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.581496
41. Uvais NA, Nalakath MJ, Shihabudheen P, et al. Psychological Distress During COVID-19 among Malayalam-speaking Indian Expats in the Middle East. Indian Journal of Public Health. 2020;64(6):249–250. 10.4103/ijph.IJPH_475_20
42. Saleh LM, Russeng SS, Tadjuddin I, et al. The Development of a Work Stress Model for Air Traffic Controllers in Indonesia. Kesmas (Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional). 2022;17(1):40-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v17i1.5001
Authors
Saleh, L. M., Russeng, S. S. ., Tadjuddin, I. ., Yanti, I. H. ., Syafitri, N. M. ., Rahmadani, Y. ., & Yusbud, M. . (2023). Identification of Psychological Conditions and Feelings of Fatigue Among Employees at Makassar Air Traffic Service Center. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 19(3), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v19i3.27807
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