Analysis of Resilience to Stress in Adolescents Student during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract
Stress is a condition of worry or mental tension caused by a difficult situation, often referred to as pressure. Meanwhile, resilience comprises active and distinct biological processes that protect organisms from the effects of stress. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted mental health, specifically among adolescents navigating a transitional period. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between stress and resilience among adolescents student during the COVID-19 pandemic. An analytic cross-sectional design was used and the study was conducted between February to July 2021. The subjects comprised 238 people from 22 MAN in the Jabodetabek area, selected through Cluster Random Sampling. Primary data were obtained by filling out the 42-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42) and Miller Smith Rating Scale for Stress Tolerance (MSRS-ST) online questionnaires through the Google form application. Furthermore, data were analyzed using Chi-square and Multiple logistics regression tests. The results showed that the majority of respondents totaling 185 (77.7%) had high stress levels with 202 (84.9%) having low resilience. There was a significant relationship between stress levels and resilience as demonstrated by p-value = 0.0002. The variable “difficulty in relaxing” had a 0.13 times potential impact as a factor associated with stress levels. On the other hand, the variable “not drinking alcohol” was found to have a 16.77 times higher potential to be a factor associated with resilience.
References
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25. Mazza C, Ricci E, Biondi S, Colasanti M, Ferracuti S, Napoli C, et al. A Nationwide Survey of psychological Distress among Italian People During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(9):3165. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/9/3165
26. Othman N. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in the Time of Covid-19 Pandemic in Kurdistan region, Iraq. Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research. 2020;37–44. https://kjar.spu.edu.iq/index.php/kjar/article/view/492
27. Wang, Cuiyan, et al. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors During the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(5):1729. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/5/1729
28. Agustin IM, Nurlaila N, Yuda HT, Yulia Y. Pilot Study of Psychological Conditions Volunteer Disaster Covid 19. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa. 2020;3(2):113–118. https://www.journal.ppnijateng.org/index.php/jikj/article/view/567
29. Galaresa AV. Perbedaan Tingkat Toleransi Stres pada Remaja Bertipe Kepribadian Ekstrovert dan Introvert di Kelas XI SMA Negri 1 Sumberpucung Kabupaten Malang. Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2020;9(2):97–102. https://jurnal.ikta.ac.id/keperawatan/article/view/1035
30. Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and Positivity: Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021;19(6):2369–2382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y
31. Tamarit A, de la Barrera U, Mónaco E, Schoeps K, Montoya-Castilla I. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Spanish Adolescents: Risk and Protective Factors of Emotional Symptoms. Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes. 2020;7(3):73–80. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7649335
32. Gaol N. Teori Stres: Stimulus, Respons, dan Transaksional. Bul Psikol. 2016;24:1.
33. Roy D, Tripathy S, Kar SK, Sharma N, Verma SK, Kaushal V. Study of Knowledge, Attitude, Anxiety & Perceived Mental Healthcare Need in Indian Population During COVID-19 Pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 2020;51:102083. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301945
34. Muslim M. Manajemen Stress pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. ESENSI: J Manaj Bisnis. 2020;23(2):192–201. https://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=2164318&val=14955&title=MANAJEMEN%20STRESS%20PADA%20MASA%20PANDEMI%20COVID-19
35. Choi J. The Psychology of Pandemics: Preparing for the Next Global Outbreak of Infectious Disease. Asian Commun Res. 2020;17(2):98–103. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03069885.2021.1949809
36. World Health Organization. Mental Health During COVID-19 Pandemic. 2019.
37. Yasmin H, Khalil S, Mazhar R. COVID 19: Stress Management Among Students and Its Impact on Their Effective Learning. Int Technol Educ J. 2020;4(2):65–74. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03069885.2021.1949809
38. Putri SS, Acang N, Bhatara T. Pengaruh Tingkat Stres terhadap Kebiasaan Meminum Alkohol pada Remaja dan Dewasa: Kajian Pustaka. In: Bandung Conference Series: Medical Science. 2022;566–573. https://proceedings.unisba.ac.id/index.php/BCSMS/article/view/1181
39. Bhargava D, Trivedi, H. A Study of Causes of Stress Management among Youth. IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences. 2018;11(3):108-117. http://research advances.org/index.php/RAJMSS
2. Weinberg R s., Gould D. Foundations of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 7th ed. Human Kinetics Inc; 2019.
3. Siddiqui MH. Concept, Meaning and Management. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd; 2021.
4. Astuti F, Edwina DS TN. Resiliensi pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Program Kelas Karyawan Ditinjau dari Konsep Diri. Prosiding SEMNAS Penguatan Individu di Era Revolusi Informasi. 2017:143-151.
5. Missasi V, Izzati IDC. Faktor–Faktor yang Memengaruhi Resiliensi. In: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Magister Psikologi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. 2019:433–441.
6. Sianturi J, Anggereini E, Aina M. Analisis Self-efficacy dan Stress Tolerance dalam Penyelesaian Tugas Akhir Mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Jambi. Universitas Jambi; 2022.
7. Marwoko G. Psikologi Perkembangan Masa Remaja. Tasyri J Tarbiyah-Syariah-Islamiyah. 2019;26(1):60–75. http://e-journal.stai-iu.ac.id/index.php/tasyri/article/view/69
8. Kazeminia M, Salari N, Vaisi-Raygani A, Jalali R, Abdi A, Mohammadi M, et al. The Effect of Exercise on Anxiety in the Elderly Worldwide: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020;18:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-020-01609-4
9. PH L, Mubin MF, Basthomi Y. “Tugas Pembelajaran” Penyebab Stres Mahasiswa Selama Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa. 2020;3(2):203–208. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4905-7214
10. B H, Hamzah R. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Stres Akademik pada Mahasiswa STIKES Graha Medika. Indonesian Journal Health Sciences. 2020;4(2):59–67. https://journal.umpo.ac.id/index.php/IJHS/article/view/2641
11. Orgilés M, Morales A, Delvecchio E, Francisco R, Mazzeschi C, Pedro M, et al. Coping Behaviors and Psychological Disturbances in Youth Affected by the COVID-19 Health Crisis. Frontiers in Psychology. 2021;12:565657.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.565657
12. Ambarwati PD, Pinilih SS, Astuti RT. Gambaran Tingkat Stres Mahasiswa. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa. 2019;5(1):40–47. https://jurnal.unimus.ac.id/index.php/JKJ/article/view/4466
13. Jenkins A, Weeks MS, Hard BM. General and Specific Stress Mindsets: Links with College Student Health and Academic Performance. PLoS One. 2021;16(9):e0256351. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256351
14. Apriyani M, Natosba J, Maryatun S. Gambaran Tingkat Stres pada Remaja Selama Pandemi Covid-19. Sriwijya University; 2021.
15. Harini VRP. Gambaran Tingkat Stres pada Anak Usia Remaja Selama Menjalani Pembelajaran Daring di Tengah Pandemi COVID-19 di Kelurahan Patrang Kecamatan Patrang. Program Studi Sarjana Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas; 2020.
16. Pratama YW, Hasymi Y, Nurlaili N. Gambaran Tingkat Stres Remaja pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di SMKN 3 Kota Bengkulu. 2021;14–24. https://cosy.univrab.ac.id/index.php/semnaskep/article/view/29
17. Palupi TN. Tingkat Stres pada Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Dasar dalam Menjalankan Proses Belajar di Rumah Selama Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan dan Pengembangan SDM. 2020;9(2):18–29. https://ejournal.borobudur.ac.id/index.php/psikologi/article/view/716
18. Masitoh A. Strategi Koping Siswa dalam Menghadapi Stres Akademik di Era Pandemi Covid-19. Academica Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies. 2020;4(2):185–198. https://ejournal.uinsaid.ac.id/index.php/academica/article/view/3167
19. Rehman U, Shahnawaz MG, Khan NH, Kharshiing KD, Khursheed M, Gupta K, et al. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Indians in Times of Covid-19 Lockdown. Community Mental Health Journal. 2021;57:42–48. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10597-020-00664-x
20. Pratiwi NMS. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Levels in the Community of Tabanan District During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa. 2021;4(2):375–382. https://journal.ppnijateng.org/index.php/jikj/article/view/943
21. Elbay RY, Kurtulmuş A, Arpacıoğlu S, Karadere E. Depression, Anxiety, Stress Levels of Physicians and Associated Factors in Covid-19 Pandemics. Psychiatry Res. 2020;290:113130. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32497969/
22. Zhu Z, Xu S, Wang H, Liu Z, Wu J, Li G, et al. COVID-19 in Wuhan: Sociodemographic Characteristics and Hospital Support Measures Associated with the Immediate Psychological Impact on Healthcare Workers. E-Clinical Medicine. 2020;24:100443. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370(20)30187-5/fulltext
23. Verma S, Mishra A. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress and Socio-demographic Correlates among General Indian Public During Covid-19. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 2020;66(8):756–762. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0020764020934508
24. Odriozola-González P, Planchuelo-Gómez Á, Irurtia MJ, de Luis-García R. Psychological symptoms of the outbreak of the COVID-19 confinement in Spain. Journal of Health Psychology. 2020;27(4):825–835.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105320967086
25. Mazza C, Ricci E, Biondi S, Colasanti M, Ferracuti S, Napoli C, et al. A Nationwide Survey of psychological Distress among Italian People During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(9):3165. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/9/3165
26. Othman N. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in the Time of Covid-19 Pandemic in Kurdistan region, Iraq. Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research. 2020;37–44. https://kjar.spu.edu.iq/index.php/kjar/article/view/492
27. Wang, Cuiyan, et al. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors During the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(5):1729. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/5/1729
28. Agustin IM, Nurlaila N, Yuda HT, Yulia Y. Pilot Study of Psychological Conditions Volunteer Disaster Covid 19. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa. 2020;3(2):113–118. https://www.journal.ppnijateng.org/index.php/jikj/article/view/567
29. Galaresa AV. Perbedaan Tingkat Toleransi Stres pada Remaja Bertipe Kepribadian Ekstrovert dan Introvert di Kelas XI SMA Negri 1 Sumberpucung Kabupaten Malang. Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2020;9(2):97–102. https://jurnal.ikta.ac.id/keperawatan/article/view/1035
30. Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and Positivity: Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021;19(6):2369–2382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y
31. Tamarit A, de la Barrera U, Mónaco E, Schoeps K, Montoya-Castilla I. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Spanish Adolescents: Risk and Protective Factors of Emotional Symptoms. Revista de Psicologia Clinica con Ninos y Adolescentes. 2020;7(3):73–80. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7649335
32. Gaol N. Teori Stres: Stimulus, Respons, dan Transaksional. Bul Psikol. 2016;24:1.
33. Roy D, Tripathy S, Kar SK, Sharma N, Verma SK, Kaushal V. Study of Knowledge, Attitude, Anxiety & Perceived Mental Healthcare Need in Indian Population During COVID-19 Pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 2020;51:102083. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301945
34. Muslim M. Manajemen Stress pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. ESENSI: J Manaj Bisnis. 2020;23(2):192–201. https://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=2164318&val=14955&title=MANAJEMEN%20STRESS%20PADA%20MASA%20PANDEMI%20COVID-19
35. Choi J. The Psychology of Pandemics: Preparing for the Next Global Outbreak of Infectious Disease. Asian Commun Res. 2020;17(2):98–103. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03069885.2021.1949809
36. World Health Organization. Mental Health During COVID-19 Pandemic. 2019.
37. Yasmin H, Khalil S, Mazhar R. COVID 19: Stress Management Among Students and Its Impact on Their Effective Learning. Int Technol Educ J. 2020;4(2):65–74. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03069885.2021.1949809
38. Putri SS, Acang N, Bhatara T. Pengaruh Tingkat Stres terhadap Kebiasaan Meminum Alkohol pada Remaja dan Dewasa: Kajian Pustaka. In: Bandung Conference Series: Medical Science. 2022;566–573. https://proceedings.unisba.ac.id/index.php/BCSMS/article/view/1181
39. Bhargava D, Trivedi, H. A Study of Causes of Stress Management among Youth. IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences. 2018;11(3):108-117. http://research advances.org/index.php/RAJMSS
Authors
Afifah, A. N., Utami, Y. H. ., Maimunah, A., Lismandasari, L., & Siti Ghassani, F. . (2023). Analysis of Resilience to Stress in Adolescents Student during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 19(3), 130-140. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v19i3.24478
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