Comparison of Reverse Osmosis and Non Reverse Osmosis Disinfection Methods for Drinking Water Depot
Abstract
Drinking Water Depot (DWP) offers cheap and affordable drinking water, so it becomes an option for the society. However, the large number of public interest is not accompanied by qualified water quality. The test result by Bandung Public Health Office on DWP quality indicated that 55.22% were not eligible. The study aimed to determine the effective disinfection method to reduce microbiology in Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Non-RO methods. It was an analysis with a cross-sectional design. The population was all DWPs in Bandung and obtained 659 DWPs as samples. Sampling used two different tests and obtained 30 samples consisting of 30 DWP using RO and 30 Non-RO in average. Data analysis was done through univariate and bivariate using Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. The analysis result showed that polluted water raw quality was 48.33%; the bacteria reduction by RO method was 100% and Non-RO was 43.33%. The bivariate analysis result indicated that p-value was 0.033 which means that there was a difference between disinfection method using RO and Non-RO with the coliform presence. The RO disinfection is the best method which was able to be used by DWP owners. Thus, the society is suggested to choose DWP using RO disinfection method which verified by Public Health Department.
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2. Alfian AR, Firdani F, Sari PN. Why the Quality of Refill Drinking Water Depots is Bad (As a Qualitative Study). J Kesehat Lingkung Indones. 2022;21(1):106-110. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.21.1.106-110
3. Raksanagara AS, Fitriyah S, Afriadi I, Sukandar H. Aspek Internal dan Eksternal Kualitas Produksi Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang: Studi Kualitatif di Kota Bandung. Maj Kedokt Bandung. 2018;50(38):53- 60. https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v50n1.1 143
4. Sofia DR. Perbandingan Hasil Disinfeksi Menggunakan Ozon dan Sinar Ultra Violet Terhadap Kandungan Mikroorganisme pada Air Minum Isi Ulang. Agroscience (Agsci). 2019;9(1):82. https://doi.org/10.35194/agsci.v9i1.636
5. Navratinova S, Nurjazuli N, Tarwatjo T. Hubungan Desinfeksi Sinar Ultraviolet (UV) dengan Kualitas Bakteriologis Air Minum pada Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang (DAMIU) (Studi di Kecamatan Pontianak Selatan Kota Pontianak). J Kesehat Masy. 2019;7(1):412- 420. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkm.v7i1.23011
6. Ebrahimzadeh S, Wols B, Azzellino A, Martijn BJ, van der Hoek JP. Quantification and Modelling of Organic Micropollutant Removal by Reverse Osmosis (RO) Drinking Water Treatment. J Water Process Eng. 2021;42(June):102164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.1021 64
7. Hidayati FW, Jhoansyah D, Deni R, Danial M. Analisis Model Altman, Model Zmijewski dan Model Ohlson untuk Memprediksi Financial Distress. J Indones Sos Sains. 2021;2(2):230- 240. https://doi.org/10.36418/jiss.v2i2.179
8. Mairizki F. Analisis Higiene Sanitasi Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang (Damiu) di Sekitar Universitas Islam Riau. J Endur. 2017;2(3):389-396. http://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v2i3.2428
9. Tominik VI, Hutabarat MSH. Analisis Uji Kualitas Bakteriologis Air Minum Isi Ulang (AMIU) Menggunakan Metode Mpn pada Pengolahan Air Sistem Reverse Osmosis (RO) dan Sistem Ultra Violet (UV). Jurnal Kesehatan Saelmakers PERDANA 2018;1:20- 24. https://journal.ukmc.ac.id/index.php/joh/a rticle/view/98
10. Jarvis P, Autin O, Goslan EH, Hassard F. Application of Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes. Water 2019, 11, 1894. Published online 2019:15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.03.0 03
11. Ding W, Jin W, Cao S, et al. Ozone Disinfection of Chlorine-Resistant Bacteria in Drinking
Water. Water Res. 2019;160:339-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.0 14
12. Jannah FZ, Zuhri MS, Mulyadi E. Optimasi Kadar Ozon dalam Proses Disinfeksi Bakteri Optimization of Ozone Levels in the Process of Disinfection Coliform Bacteria in Drinking Water. J Tek Kim. 2021;15(2):59-65. 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v15i2.2567
13. Jones CH, Shilling EG, Linden KG, Cook SM. Life Cycle Environmental Impacts of Disinfection Technologies Used in Small Drinking Water Systems. Environ Sci Technol. 2018;52(5):2998-3007. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04448
14. Fujioka T, Makabe R, Mori N, Snyder SA, Leddy M. Assessment of Online Bacterial Particle Counts for Monitoring the Performance of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Process in Potable Reuse. Sci Total Environ. 2019;667:540-544. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.339
15. Couto CF, Santos AV, Amaral MCS, et al. Assessing Potential of Nanofiltration, Reverse Osmosis and Membrane Distillation Drinking Water Treatment for Pharmaceutically Active Compounds (PhACs) Removal. J Water Process Eng. 2020;33(July 2019):101029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.1010 29
16. Cornelissen ER, Harmsen DJH, Blankert B, Wessels LP, Van der Meer WGJ. Effect of Minimal Pre-Treatment on Reverse Osmosis Using Surface Water as a Source. Desalination. 2021;509(January):115056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2021.1150 56
17. Seo M, Lee H, Kim Y. Relationship between Coliform Bacteria and Water Quality Factors at Weir Stations in the Nakdong River, South Korea. Water (Switzerland). 2019;11(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/w11061171
18. Villafuerte LAJ, Vigonte F. Knowledge and Practices of Water Refilling Stations Owners and Operators: A Case Study. SSRN Electron J. Published online 2022. 10.47895/amp.v47i2.1360
19. Birawida AB, Selomo M, Mallongi A. Potential Hazards from Hygiene, Sanitation and Bacterium of Refill Drinking Water at Barrang Lompo Island (Water and Food Safety Perspective). IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2018;157(1):1-6. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/ 1755-1315/157/1/012034
20. Suriata IN. Perizinan Usaha Industri Dagang Depot Air Minum di Kota Denpasar. Public Inspir J Adm Publik. 2021;6(1):42-54. doi:10.22225/pi.6.1.2021.42-54. https://doi.org/10.22225/pi.6.1.2021.42- 54
Authors
Iqbal, M., & La Ane, R. . (2022). Comparison of Reverse Osmosis and Non Reverse Osmosis Disinfection Methods for Drinking Water Depot. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 18(4), 153-158. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v18i4.20596
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