Bowtie Method: Study of Occupational Health and Safety Risks in Cement Production Process
Abstract
The kiln area is an area that has a very complex hazard potential in the cement production process. This study aimed to assess the risks of occupational safety and health during the production process in the kiln area of PT. X uses the bowtie method. This study used a qualitative descriptive design. The informants used were three managers of the clinker production department, one safety manager, and one field operator. Research data were collected through interviews and observations. The data were analyzed qualitatively using the bowtie method. The study results stated that hot dust could be dangerous if it comes out of the system caused by positive pressure, such as the Induced Draft Fan (IDF) turning off, causing losses such as burns to workers. Heat can be dangerous if it experiences a significant increase due to excess fuel, causing losses, such as health-related illnesses. Preventive controls were carried out such as routine inspections. Mitigation controls were carried out such as light signals. Escalation factors can thwart hot dust and heat control, such as the deformation of raw meals. Escalation factor control, such as the implementation of work instructions. PT. X has carried out control in the kiln area, but additional controls are needed.
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2. Wahyuni N, Suyadi B, Hartanto W. Pengaruh Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Kutai Timber Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, Ilmu Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial. 2018;12(1):99-104.
3. Etim MA, Babaremu K, Lazarus J, Omole D. Health Risk and Environmental Assessment of Cement Production in Nigeria. Atmosphere (Basel). 2021;12(9):1–16.
4. Indrawati S, Prabaswari AD, Fitriyanto MA. Risk Control Analysis of A Furniture Production Activities Using Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Method. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018;154 (2018):1–4.
5. Kumar M, Mishra MK. Risk Assessment in Cement Manufacturing Process. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology. 2019;8(4):147–150.
6. Mishra AK. Occupational Accidents in Cement Industries of Nepal. Journal of Advanced Research In Alternative Energy, Environment and Ecology. 2019;06(3&4): 22–28.
7. Fresenbet DS, Olana AT, Tulu AS, Danusa KT. Occupational Injury and Associated Factors Among Cement Factories Workers in Central Ethiopia. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology. 2022;17(1):1–9.
8. Karahan V, Akosman C. Occupational Health Risk Analysis and Assessment in Cement Production Processes. Fırat University Turkish Journal of Science & Technology. 2018; 13(2):29–37.
9. Astuti FW, Ekawati, Wahyuni I. Hubungan antara Faktor Individu, Beban Kerja dan Shift Kerja dengan Kelelahan Kerja pada Perawat di RSJD Dr. Amino Gondohutomo Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2017;5(5):163–172.
10. Saputri FN. Analisis Risiko Kecelakaan Kerja Menggunakan Metode Bowtie dalam Proses Pengecoran Dinding Box Culvert Menggunakan Concrete Pump di PT. Waskita Karya (Proyek Serpong-Cinere) Tahun 2018. [Thesis]. Jakarta: Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Binawan; 2018.
11. Ardi MF. Analisis Risiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Menggunakan Metode Bow Tie di PT. X. [Thesis]. Pekanbaru: Univesitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau; 2020.
12. IP Bank B.V. Bowtie Methodology Manual. Revision 1. Vol. 15. 2015.
13. Okoji AI, Babatunde DE, Anozie AN, Omoleye JA. Thermodynamic Analysis of Raw Mill in Cement Industry Using Aspen Plus Simulator. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science Engineering. 2018;413(1):1-12.
14. Wen E, Song R, Xiong W. Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructures and Wear Behavior of A 500 HB Grade Wear-Resistant Steel. Metals (Basel). 2019;9(1):1-14.
15. Hasnah N, Ibrahim H, Syarfaini. Studi Penilaian Resiko Keselamatan Kerja di Bagian Boiler PT Indonesia Power UPJP Bali Sub Unit PLTU Barru. Higiene: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan. 2018;4(2):82–92.
16. Ban T, Liu ZQ, Jing GX, Cheng L, Wu Y Lou, Peng L. Effect of Ignition Energy on Coal Dust Explosion. Thermal Science. 2020;24(4): 2621–2628.
17. Rohmawati I, Dzulkiflih. Analisis Kandungan Oksigen pada Gas Analyzer dengan Meng-gunakan Detektor Paramagnetik di Preheater Pabrik Tuban 3 PT. Semen Indonesia (Perser) Tbk. Jurnal Inovasi Fisika Indonesia. 2017;06(02):14–17.
18. Ammarullah MI, Prakoso AT, Wicaksono D, Fadhlurrahman IG, Yani I, Basri H, et al. Analisis Perpindahan Kalor Konveksi pada Rotary Kiln di PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk. Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin. 2018;18(2): 101–106.
19. Arianto ME, Prasetyowati DD. Hubungan antara Lingkungan Kerja Panas dengan Keluhan Heat Related Illnes pada Pekerja Home Industry Tahu di Dukuh Janten, Bantul. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2019;11(4):318–324.
20. Izky H, Putra P, Tjahyono S, Cahyono B. Perbaikan Posisi Air Blaster untuk Mengurangi Coating pada Kiln Inlet PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk. Seminar Nasional Teknologi Mesin Politkenik Negeri Jakarta. 2018;281–290.
21. Juarsyah E, Prihatini E, Pratama DA. Kendali Fine Coal Feeder pada Optimalisasi Proteksi Gas Carbon Monoksida di PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero), Tbk. Electro National Conference Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya. 2021;1(1):99–107.
22. Zahara RA, Effendi SU, Khairani N. Kepatuhan Menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) Ditinjau dari Pengetahuan dan Perilaku pada Petugas Instalasi Pemeli-haraan Sarana dan Prasarana Rumah Sakit (IPSRS). Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan. 2017;2(2):153–158.
23. Rajendran M, Sriramhariharasudhan K, Shanmugavel R, Rajpradeesh T, Bathrinath S. Hypothetical Study on Waste Heat Recovery and Filtration System of Cement Manufacturing Process in Cement Industry. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021;46(6): 7777–7782.
24. Ciobanu C, Istrate IA, Tudor P, Voicu G. Dust Emission Monitoring in Cement Plant Mills: A case study in Romania. International Journal of Environment Research and Public Health. 2021;18(17):1-16.
25. Vijayan DS, Mohan A, Revathy J, Parthiban D, Varatharajan R. Evaluation of the Impact of Thermal Performance on Various Building Bricks and Blocks: A Review. Environmental Technology & Innovation. 2021;23:101577. [Online]. Available at: https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.eti.2021.101577.
26. Senthilnaathan B, Fawaz, Karthick. Mechanical Behavior of Solid Cement Concrete Blocks With Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate by Road Dust. International Journal Advanced Research in Basic Engineering Sciences Technology. 2017;3(2): 28–34.
27. Pathak A. Occupational Health & Safety in Cement industries. International Journal of Institution of Safety Engineers India (IJISEI). 2019;2(4):8–20.
28. Rathoure AK. Fugitive Dust Control in Cement Industries. In: Zero Waste: Management Practice for Environmental Sustainability. CRC Press: Taylor & Francis Group; 2020.
29. Doddamani A. Operating and Maintenance of Electrostatic Precipitator in Cement Industries. International Archive of Applied Sciences and Technology. 2018;9(4):101–110.
Authors
Putri, E., Lestari, M., Novrikasari, N., Andarini, D. ., Camelia, A., Fujianti, P. ., & Nurhaliza, T. (2021). Bowtie Method: Study of Occupational Health and Safety Risks in Cement Production Process . Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 17(4), 124-133. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v17i4.17948
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