PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR TERHADAP KUANTITAS DAN KUALITAS AIR SUSU IBU (ASI) PADAIBU MENYUSUI BAYI 0-6 BULAN
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Abstract
Daun kelor mengandung berbagai macam zat gizi serta sumber fitokemikal. Rendahnya gizi mikro yang dikonsumsi ibu menyusui akan memengaruhi kemampuan untuk menyediakan ASI dengan kandungan gizi mikro yang cukup untuk pertumbuhan bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efek dari ekstrak daun kelor terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas ASI pada ibu menyusui. Penelitian ini adalah double blind randomized kontroled design dan dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Maros. Subjek adalah ibu menyusui setelah seminggu melahirkan dan dibagi kedalam dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama menerima ekstrak daun kelor (EK) dua kali dua kapsul, 800mg/kapsul, (kelompok EK, n=35) dan kelompok lainnya menerima tepung daun kelor (TE) dengan dosis yang sama (kelompok TE, n=35). Kuantitas dan kualitas ASI diukur sebelum dan sesudah 3 bulan diintervensi. Diukur menggunakan metode Byerley sedangkan kualitas dinilai melalui pengukuran zat besi, vitamin C, dan vitamin E. Ana- lisis statistik menggunakan uji t sampel berpasangan dan bebas. Kuantitas ASI meningkat pada kedua kelompok EK (397±118 menjadi 661±158, p=0,001) dan TK (449±129 to 600±120, p=0,001). Peningkatan kuantitas ASI berbeda signifikan antara kelompok EK dan TK (masing-masing 263±41 vs. 151±9, p=0,40). Kadar besi, vitamin C dan vitamin E tidak berubah sebelum dan sesudah intervensi pada kedua kelompok (p>0,05). Pemberian EK dan TE dapat meningkatkan volume ASI, peningkatan volume ASI lebih tinggi pada kelompok yang mendapat EK dibanding TK, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas ASI (besi, vitamin C dan vitamin E).
References
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24. I. Sziklai-Laszlo, D. Majchrzak, I. Elmadfa MAC. Selenium and vitamin E centrations in human milk and formula milk from Hungary. J Radioanal Nucl C. 2009;279(2):585–90.
25. Antonakou A, Chiou A, Andrikopoulos NK, Bakoula C, Matalas AL. Breast milk tocopherol content during the first six months in exclusively breastfeeding Greek women. Eur J Nutr. 2011;50(3):195–202.
26. Korchazhkina O, Jones E, Czauderna M, Spencer S a, Kowalczyk J. Hplc With Uv Detection for Measurement of Vitamin E in Human Milk. Acta Chromatogr 2006. 2006;(16):48–57.
27. Tripathi S, Mishra TK, Mathur NB. Vitamin E supplementation in exclusively breastfed VLBW infants. Indian Pediatr [Internet]. 2011;48(11):889–91. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21719935
http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42859
2. Onis M De, Onyango A. WHO child growth standards. Lancet [Internet]. 2008; Available from: http://cdrwww.who.int/entity/childgrowth/publications/ca_symposium_comparison/en/.
3. Kementerian Kesehatan. Pokok-Pokok Hasil Riskesdas Indonesia Tahun 2013. 2014.
4. Dewi Putri Rahayu SNM. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi ASI pada Ibu Nifas. stikesbaptis.ac.id/utama/index.php?option=com_docman. 2014. p. 1–8.
5. Titi Mutiara K. Uji Efek Pelancar ASI Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera (Lamk)) Pada Tikus Putih Galur Wistar. Laporan Hasil Penelitian Disertasi Doktor. Malang; 2011.
6. Nurmalasari MD. Isolasi Kandungan Senyawa Daun Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr (Isolat Fraksi n-Heksana: Etil Asetat=80:20). Undergraduate Thesisi of Airlangga University. 2008. p. 4–6.
7. Fuglie LJ. The Moringa Tree a Local Solution to Malnutrition? 2005.
8. MS Jonni MS& NK. Cegah Malnutrisi dengan Kelor. Yogyakarta: Kanisius; 2008.
9. Idohou-dossou N. Moringa Oleifera : Bioavailability and impact of daily consumption of dried leaf powder on iron status of anaemia lactating wo. African J food, Agric Nutr Dev. 2011;11(4):4985–99.
10. Amini N. Pengaruh Suplementasi Formula Biskuit Multigizi pada Ibu Hamil terhadap Kualitas Air Susu Ibu (ASI) dengan Pokok Bahasan Utama Mineral Seng (Zn). Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB); 2003.
11. Aritonang E. Pengaruh pemberian mie instan fortifikasi pada ibu menyusui terhadap kadar zink dan besi ASI serta pertumbuhan linier. Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) Bogor; 2007.
12. WHO. Community-based Strategies Promotion for Breastfeeding Promotion and Developing Support in Developing Countries. 2003.
13. Zakaria HV, As S, Bahar B. The Effect of Moringa Leaf Extract in Breastfeeding Mothers against Anemia Status and Breast Milk Iron Content. Int J Sci Basic Appl Res (IJSBAR.2015;24(1):321–9.
14. Linder M. Biokimia Nutrisi dan Metabolisme. Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Indonesia (UIPress); 2010.
15. Sareen S. Gropper, Jack L. Smith JLG. Advanced Nutrition And Human Metabolism (Fifth Edition). Canada: Wadsword, Cengage Learning; 2009.
16. Sreelatha S, Padma PR. Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Moringa oleifera Leaves in Two Stages of Maturity. Plant Foods Hum Nutr [Internet]. 2009;64(4):303–11. Available from: http://link.springer.
com/10.1007/s11130-009-0141-0
17. Almatsier S, Soetarjo S, Soekarti M. Gizi Seimbang Dalam Daur Kehidupan. Jakarta: Penerbit PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2011. 198-207 p.
18. Breymann C, Von Seefried B, Stahel M, Geisser P, Canclini C. Milk iron content in breast-feeding mothers after administration of intravenous iron sucrose complex. J Perinat Med. 2007;35:115–8.
19. Yang R, Chang L. Nutritional and functional properties of Moringa leaves–From germplasm, to plant, to food, to health. Moringa leaves [Internet]. 2006;1–9. Available from: http://formad-environnement.org/Yang_ghana_2006.pdf
20. Fahey JW. Moringa oleifera : A Review of the Medical Evidence for Its Nutritional, Therapeutic, and Prophylactic Properties . Part 1 .
Trees Life J. 2005.
21. TMA Wijnhoven, C Bollars, G Tabacchi MH. Collate and review data on the composition and volume and intake of breast milk. Resul from Sistematic literatur review. Eurreca.org. 2009.
22. Ahmed L, Islam S, Khan N, Nahid S. Vitamin C content in human milk (colostrum, transitional and mature) and serum of a sample of bangladeshi mothers. Malays J Nutr [Internet]. 2004;10(1):1–4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22691742
23. Hoppu U, Rinne M, Salo-Väänänen P, Lampi a-M, Piironen V, Isolauri E. Vitamin C in breast milk may reduce the risk of atopy in the infant. Eur J Clin Nutr [Internet]. 2005;59(1):123–8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15340369
24. I. Sziklai-Laszlo, D. Majchrzak, I. Elmadfa MAC. Selenium and vitamin E centrations in human milk and formula milk from Hungary. J Radioanal Nucl C. 2009;279(2):585–90.
25. Antonakou A, Chiou A, Andrikopoulos NK, Bakoula C, Matalas AL. Breast milk tocopherol content during the first six months in exclusively breastfeeding Greek women. Eur J Nutr. 2011;50(3):195–202.
26. Korchazhkina O, Jones E, Czauderna M, Spencer S a, Kowalczyk J. Hplc With Uv Detection for Measurement of Vitamin E in Human Milk. Acta Chromatogr 2006. 2006;(16):48–57.
27. Tripathi S, Mishra TK, Mathur NB. Vitamin E supplementation in exclusively breastfed VLBW infants. Indian Pediatr [Internet]. 2011;48(11):889–91. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21719935
Authors
Zakaria, Z., Hadju, V., As’ad, S., & Bahar, B. (2016). PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR TERHADAP KUANTITAS DAN KUALITAS AIR SUSU IBU (ASI) PADAIBU MENYUSUI BAYI 0-6 BULAN. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 12(3), 161-169. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v12i3.1077
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